No abstract

Lactose and sucrose were quantified in sweetened condensed milk and 'Dulce de leche' using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) approach as compared with the classical methods (Chloramine-T and Lane-Eynon). Lane-Eynon method estimated the lowest values of carbohydrates for both products. The chromatographic method quantified the carbohydrate contents at the same range as Chloramine-T method. The values of the estimated standard error (ESE) for HPLC versus Chloramine-T (0.55-0.77 mass %) were lower than the ESE for HPLC versus Lane-Eynon (1.01-1.63 mass %). Calcium concentration in the products may explain underestimated carbohydrate contents by the Lane-Eynon method.

The fatty acid's contents of non-conform pooled human milk can be affected by different processing and storage operational conditions. Besides, the knowledge of changes in the human milk fatty acid profile can help indicate its use in a given storage period, according to each newborn's specific need. Thus, in the present work, changes in the fatty acid profiles of three types of human milk (raw; pasteurized at 62.5 °C for 30 min; homogenized at 40 oC for 30 s followed by pasteurization) were studied during storage for six months in a freezer at -18 oC. Large variations were observed in the concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly of docosahexaenoic acid, with a reduction of almost 50% of its total. Palmitic and stearic acid contents also changed according to the conditions of processing and storage. Correlations between the decrease of long fatty acid chains and the increase of medium and short chains were verified.  Thus, we observe that operational conditions of processing and storing change human milk lipid profile, with some nutritional losses.

RESUMO -Um dos maiores desafios da atualidade é a substituição da matriz energética por fontes renováveis. Neste cenário, as microalgas surgem com elevado potencial visto que são capazes de acumular lipídeos como forma de reserva de energia, sendo que estes, potencialmente podem ser convertidos em biodiesel. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o perfil graxo mais adequado para a produção de biodiesel entre os óleos extraídos das microalgas Scenedesmus sp. e Monoraphidium sp. O perfil graxo do óleo foi determinado e sua análise indicou potencial para a produção de biodiesel, para o óleo de Scenedesmus sp. e biolubrificantes, para o óleo de Monoraphidium sp.