This paper is dedicated to the concept of fragility as a constitutive structure of the contemporary subject of the pandemic period. COVID-19 has once again actualized the problems of modern philosophy: the boundaries between human and animal, nature and culture, “self” and “alien”. Based on Levinasian phenomenological ethics, I propose the concept of bioethics as the embodied science of “biomedical Others” — people whose experience cannot be normalized and inscribed in the intersubjective structure of the life world of healthy individuals. The negative consequences of coronavirus for psychophysical health show that during a pandemic every person can become different — by contracting an infection or interrupting habitual social ties due to self-isolation. This proves the work of destructive plasticity — a transformation of the subject in which she becomes radically different, examples of which can be considered not only with the brain injuries or neurodegenerative diseases but also with the consequences of coronavirus. The transformed subject is such a “biomedical Other”, she needs an empathic and hospitable bio-ethics based on an expanded understanding of the boundaries of “self” and “other”. This subject represents the “grounding” of contingency, which has become an important concept of recent philosophy. A brief outline of bio-ethics illustrates an attempt to “phenomenologize” contingency, linking it with the anthropological possibility of plastic transformation, which can have both creative and destructive dimensions. Bioethics works with contingency, without turning it into a metaphysical concept and without trying to fit it into the framework of biomedically drawn normativity. Immune hospitality provides a framework for the acceptance of “biomedical Others” as the realization of the diversity of the forms of human embodiment.
Несмотря на успехи детской кардиологии и кардиохирургии в лечении тяжелых заболеваний сердца у детей, значительное увеличение средней продолжительности и качества жизни пациентов, заболевания сердечно-сосудистой системы остаются одной из ведущих причин, приводящих к необходимости оказания паллиативной помощи. Ряд психологических и этических аспектов в детском кардиологическом паллиативе нельзя назвать достаточно разработанными. Кардиозаболевания, требующие паллиативной помощи, затрагивают физиологические, психологические и социальные аспекты жизни пациентов и предполагают особое внимание к их жизненному миру. Предлагается использовать "методы второго лица" в клинической коммуникации на основе биопсихосоциального подхода кардиофеноменологии в целях создания пациент-центрированной среды в ситуации паллиативной помощи детям, страдающим тяжелыми заболеваниями сердца. Кардиофеноменология может обеспечить концептуальную рамку и набор приемов коммуникации для выстраивания непатерналистских отношений в паллиативной помощи кардиологическим пациентам-детям в целях повышения качества жизни, зависимого от здоровья (HRQoL).Ключевые слова: врожденные пороки сердца, качество жизни, пациент-центрированная медицина, отношения "врач-пациент", паллиативная помощь детям, кардиофеноменология. Отношения и деятельность. Исследование выполнено за счет гранта РНФ № 20-78-10117 по теме "Модели взаимодействия врачей и пациентов в институциях паллиативной помощи детям". ФГАОУ ВО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова, Москва, Россия. Мирошниченко М. Д.* -к.филос.н., старший преподаватель кафедры биоэтики и международного медицинского права ЮНЕСКО международного факультета, ORCID: 0000-0003-1374-1599, Ноздрачев Д. И. -старший лаборант кафедры биоэтики и международного медицинского права ЮНЕСКО международного факультета, ORCID: 0000-0003-3269-7917.
This paper conceptualizes the experience of the child in need of palliative care. Incurable diseases expose the pathic experience of the body as an object of treatment and care. The child’s life is subject to regulation in clinical or hospice care institutions that arranges the flow of time, routine actions, and communication. This leads to the reduction of the patient’s personality, as if woven into the triad “child-parent-doctor”. Articulation of a cognitively intact child’s self is embedded in the strategies of silence and half-truths, finding ways of manifestation in games, conflict behavior, and attempts of separation. The traditional view of doctor-patient communication underlying this difficulty requires revision since it is based on the abstraction from the embodied intersubjective interaction in the triad. A child receiving palliative care does not conform to the normative concept of a rational autonomous patient. This requires ways of conceptualizing the patient’s status as the owner of the pathic experience which manifests itself through the development of the disease. Instead of normative and universalist ethics, a phenomenological and medical anthropological view of “maternalism” is proposed, which points to the socio-cultural ambiguity of the idea of the “innocence” and “immaturity” of the child. The interaction within the triad is cross-cultural, and, hence, requires reconsideration of concepts of individuality, autonomy, and communication.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.