The key economic drivers for the development of several oil fields in the North Yamal-Nenets region were the commissioning of the main oil pipeline "Zapolyarye-Purpe-Samotlor", as well as a regional tax exemption regulation applicable to the mineral extraction tax, valid until the end of 2021. At the same time, the economic decline in 2008 and 2014 forced many oil companies to reconsider their production programs in the region. As a result, geological assessments and operational drilling programs in many fields were postponed, especially studies on complex development sites such as oil rims. As economic conditions for the oil and gas industry improved, the production activity began to increase. However, a continuation of proven work processes revealed disadvantages to meet short term economic targets. A quick assessment showed that a traditional approach to studying geological structures and assessing the current state of oil fringes would be too time consuming. Long study periods will lead to the fact that the main volume of oil will be extracted beyond the horizon of the tax exemptions, which would make projects uneconomical and jeopardizes the implementation plans for filling the new main oil pipeline.

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The paper discusses a novel workflow and tools for stochastic optimization under uncertainty aimed at maximizing the value of exploration and early appraisal assets using a public example of an East Africa offshore gas discovery.Following an initial discovery well, the prospect enters an appraisal phase with tangible uncertainties in resource base (a P10/P90 ratio of 3.1), well productivity (P10/P90 of 2.1), and cost estimates (30%/ϩ50% tolerance). The choice of LNG train capacity and development concept changeover point has a profound effect on asset evaluation results used for attracting new project partners.These uncertainties raise a number of critical questions: How can a facility engineer elaborate these key parameters given the three-fold uncertainty in resource base at this project stage? Will these choices change under a random walk in oil prices or given different attitudes towards risk by the management? Does maximization of project after-tax value and of production entitlement imply identical values of control parameters in these circumstances?The challenges are resolved by sampling the solution space with 54,000 full-cycle evaluation trials run in just over 13.5 hours using a combined power of an exploration decision support tool with fit-forpurpose and fit-to-data risks, resource, and value assessment that honors all risks and uncertainties; a workflow management tool for decision optimization based on a multiple-realization approach powered by various uncertainty and optimization methods; and a proprietary link between these two applications.The original operator's view on the facilities concept was found to reflect a P50 of reserves uncertainty and a P50 of worldwide LNG train capacity distribution. Optimizations were performed to address five progressively complicating problem formulations. The achieved outcomes match conclusions that could be derived with a reasoned train of thought in economy-of-scale context meaning our solution is applicable for modeling situations lacking simple analytical solutions.

В настоящей статье представлен обзор научной литературы по творчеству В.П. Крапивина. Обозначены проблемы в изучении прозы В.П. Крапивина в отечественном литературоведении, выявлены основные лакуны в исследовании произведений В.П. Крапивина. Обоснована актуальность обобщающего исследования, которое систематизировало бы массив научных работ по произведениям Владислава Крапивина и одновременно освещало бы его творчество в контексте развития советско-российской детско-юношеской литературы. This article presents a review of the scientific literature on the work of V.P. Krapivin. The problems in the study of V.P. Krapivin’s prose in Russian literary criticism are identified, the main gaps in the study of V.P. Krapivin’s works are identified. The relevance of a generalizing study is substantiated, which would systematize an array of scientific works on the works of Vladislav Krapivin and at the same time highlight his work in the context of the development of Soviet-Russian children’s and youth literature.

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