Erlotinib can prolong survival in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer after first-line or second-line chemotherapy.

The favorable benefit-to-risk profile of pemetrexed/carboplatin suggests that pemetrexed/carboplatin is an appropriate first-line treatment option for chemonaïve patients with advanced, nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer.

The reasonably high agreement and kappa statistics for the included studies suggest that pathologists can reproducibly differentiate between nonsquamous and squamous NSCLC. This is clinically important in guiding oncologist decision making in choosing the most appropriate therapy for their patients.

We consider that the historical approach to treating all NSCLC patients with the same chemotherapy regimen is now no longer acceptable.

No abstract