Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan pengawetan kayu terhadap kecepatan gelombang ultrasonik, sifat mekanis lentur kayu, dan kekuatan tekan sejajar serat kayu. Kayu yang digunakan adalah jenis Acacia mangium yang diketahui mulai banyak digunakan karena kekuatannya yang yang cukup baik (kelas kuat II-III) tetapi memiliki keawetan alami yang cukup rendah (kelas awet II-III). Bahan pengawet yang digunakan adalah CCB (chrome, copper, boron) dengan konsentrasi 4%, 7%, 10% dan metode yang diapikasikan adalah rendaman dingin dan vakum tekan. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa metode vakum tekan berpengaruh secara nyata menurunkan nilai kecepatan gelombang ultrasonik, kekuatan lentur, dan tekan sejajar serat kayu tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai modulus elastisitas kayu. Konsentrasi bahan pengawet berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap nilai retensi dan penetrasi bahan pengawet tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kecepatan gelombang ultrasonik dan sifat mekanis di atas. Kecepatan gelombang ultrasonik melalui nilai MOE dinamis yang diperoleh memiliki koefisien korelasi yang baik untuk menduga nilai modulus elastisitas statis dan kekuatan kayu.

<p>This study is aimed at gaining an understanding of the influence of e-portfolio on the process and quality of translation (acceptability, accuracy, and readability) of students and how e-portfolio affects the process and quality of student translations. The method used in this research is sequential explanatory design. The subjects of this study are the third-year students of English Education Department at Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang (UNSIKA) Indonesia who took translation practice course. The quantitative data are taken from the pre-test and post-test results. The qualitative data are gained from questionnaire and interview. After analysis, it is found that e-portfolio influenced the students’ translation ability where the value is Sig. = 0.001 &lt; α = 0.05. It was discovered that 82% students achieved higher score in acceptability. Meanwhile, 62% students achieved higher score in accuracy, and only 56% students achieved higher score in readability. In terms of translation process, e-portfolio helps students track their progress, give and receive feedback from various participants, as well as have virtual room to sort their works which are easily accessible.</p>

Code-switching is an inevitable phenomenon that often happens inside a foreign or second English classroom. However, this phenomenon is often treated like the elephant in the room: the teacher recognizes its presence but is never really aware of it. While many studies regarding code-switching topics in EFL classrooms only focus on analyzing the type of teacher's code-switching. This study aims to seek out the pedagogical functions behind the teacher's decision to code-switch and determine the students' perception towards the teacher's code-switching. The classroom observation and two interview sessions are conducted with one teacher and three participants by applying a case study. It is found that the student's shallow English proficiency influences the student's perception of code-switching, and the teacher is very conscious of the pedagogical functions when she decided to code-switch.

This study aimed to determine the effect of the problem-based learning model on students' critical thinking skills in the digestive system concept. The samples in this study were taken using a simple random sampling technique with 28 samples, namely 14 students for the experimental class and 14 other students for the control class. The measured variable is students' critical thinking skills, which are obtained from the pretest-posttest results using the Kolmogorov Smirnov normality test, the One Way Anova homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing for learning outcomes using the Independent Sample T-test. The results of the t-test show a significant influence of the problem-based learning model on students' critical thinking skills, with a significance value of 0.001 0.05. This study concludes that the problem-based learning model has an effect on increasing students' critical thinking skills.

This study is focused on the adaptation strategy of the local community who has the problem of land rights. In Indonesia, all natural resources are subject to control and to manage by the state. As a ruler of the resources, the Government published any policy which provided revenue for the state, such as giving the right to industrial extraction of logging companies in the forest area. Whereas, many communities' lives depend on the forest. Forest resources are important for the Indonesian economy, as well as for the livelihood of communities who depend on the forest. It finds themselves in situations of conflict. The aim of the study is to analyse adaptation strategy of local community which is in the forest resource conflicts. The study used mix methods. A qualitative method with a focus on ecological adaptation and livelihood strategy, while the quantitative approach stresses defining the meaning of findings or facts that are deconstructed based on the subjective perspective of the researcher. The research held in two site, namely Sungai Utik Forest which Dayak Iban Community and Halimun Salak Mountain National Park which Kasepuhan community live. The result of the research showed that conflict of the forest resources have improved the adaptation strategy of the local community. Although various problems is already attacking them, local community still have loyalty to their tradition. They have own regulation to manage and utilize land, especially for managing forest and rice planting. Faithfulness in carrying this cultural tradition out are their ecological adaptation strategy. Keywords: Adaptation Strategy, Ecological Adaptation, Conflict of Forest Resources, Dayak Iban Community, Kasepuhan Community