Abstract. Sofiyanti N, Isda MN, Juliantari E, Pranata S, Suriatno R. 2019. The inventory and spore morphology of ferns from Bengkalis Island, Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3223-3236. Bengkalis Island is one of main islands at coastal region of Riau Province, Indonesia. The first fern inventory had been conducted on this island, to identify the fern checklist as well as examined the morphology of their spores. Samples were collected from 2 subdistricts and 12 study sites, using exploration method. The spore specimens were coated using AU, before observation using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). A total of 22 fern species are recorded from Bengkalis Islands. These species belong to 3 orders, i.e. Gleicheniales (1 species), Polypodiales (20 species) and Schizaeales (1 species). The spore characteristic indicated similar unity of spore, i.e. monad spore, with triangular, subtriangular, tetrahedral and reniform shape. Three basic types of spore have been observed, i.e. monolete, dilete, and trilete. The spore class observed in this study are small (22 ± 0.88 µm), medium (27.35 ± 1.45 to 47.85 ± 0.88 µm) and large (51.34 ± 1.83 to 53.8 ± 1.81 µm). The ornamentation of perisphore is the main character to distinguished species within one genus.

Pyrrosia merupakan  golongan tumbuhan paku epifit dari family Polypodiaceae. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi morfologi (rhizoma, ptiolus dan lamina) dan mikromorfologi (sisik dan trikoma) dari 4 jenis Pyrrosia yang umum dijumpai di Provinsi Riau, yaitu Pyrrosia heterophyla, Pyrrosia lanceolate, Pyrrosia longifolia dan Pyrrosia pillosheloides.  Hasil karakterisasi morfologi menunjukan variasi pada organ yang diamati, terutama pada ukuran ptetiolus, bentuk dan ukuran lamina. Hasil pengamatan pada sisik menujukan varias pada warna sisik, jumlah rambut pada sisik dan posisinya. Sedangkan trikoma pada ptiolus dan lamina menunjukan persamaan bentuk yaitu stelata.

Jeruk kasturi (Citrus microcarpa) adalah salah satu jenis buah yang termasuk ke  dalam genus Citrus, memiliki kandungan vitamin C, dan anti oksidan juga termasuk tinggi. Perkembangan secara generatif setelah berumur 5 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek dan menentukan konsentrasi BAP dan Kinetin terbaik secara tunggal atau kombinasi dari kedua regulator pertumbuhan untuk pembentukan tunas dari eksplan epikotil jeruk kasturi secara in vitro pada media Ms. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari 16 taraf perlakuan (kontrol, 0,5 mg/l BAP, 1 mg/l BAP, 1,5 mg/l BAP, 0,5 mg/l Kinetin, 1 mg/l Kinetin, 1,5 mg/l Kinetin, 0,5 mg/l BAP+ 0,5 mg/l Kinetin, 0,5 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l Kinetin, 0,5 mg/l BAP + 1,5 mg/l Kinetin, 1 mg/l BAP + 0,5 mg/l Kinetin, 1 mg/l BAP + 1    mg/l Kinetin, 1  mg/l BAP + 1,5 mg/l Kinetin, 1,5 mg/l BAP + 0,5 mg/l Kinetin, 1,5 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l Kinetin, 1,5 mg/l BAP + 1,5 mg/l Kinetin). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian perlakuan BAP dan Kinetin tunggal atau kombinasi mampu memberikan respons pada eksplan epikotil jeruk kasturi berupa waktu muncul tunas, jumlah tunas, jumlah daun dan panjang tunas. Konsentrasi terbaik yang mampu membentuk jumlah tunas paling banyak yaitu perlakuan P6 (1,5 mg/l Kinetin) sebesar 1,6 tunas.

Wild Mango from Sumatera is potentially new immunostimulant. It contains mangiferin, which is potentially become the immunostimulant candidate. This study aimed to prove the immunostimulatory effect of wild mango leaves extract on white rat peritoneum fluid induced by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The immunostimulatory effect was determined based on the activity and capacity of macrophage phagocytosis. This study used 54 male white rats about 130 g -290 g. Based on the results,the highest phagocytosis activity of macrophage cells was found in ethanol extract of Mangga Hutan leaves dose 2 with a percentage of phagocytosis activity was 84%. The highest phagocytosis capacity of the macrophage cells was also found in ethanol extract of Mangga Hutan leaves dose 2 with an average phagocytic capacity of 171.67 from 50 active macrophages. Results of this study indicated that wild mango leaves from Sumatera has the potential immunostimulant activity. This indicates that the wild mango have the potential for therapeutic efficacy for the prevention of degenerative diseases caused by immune deficiencies.

Ridan (Nephelium mangayi) is one of Nephelium (Sapindaceae) member distributed in Riau Province. This underutilized edible plant is commonly found as wild species, and poses three different fruit morphologies (oval, asymmetric and round shaped fruit). The phytochemical contents of these fruit species had not been reported. This study aimed to identify the phytochemical contents of fruit parts (peel, aril and seed) of three different fruit shapes of N, mangayi (oval shaped fruit, asymmetric fruit and rounded fruit) from Riau Province. A total of six secondary metabolite groups were tested (alkaloid, terpenoid, steroid, flavonoid, saponin dan tannin), using qualitative analysis based on the presence of precipitation (alkaloid), the change of mixture color (steroid, terpenoid, flavonoid and tannin) and soapy foaming substance for saponin. The result showed that peels of Ridan (N. mangayi) gave the highest phytochemical contents (alkaloid, terpenoid, flavonoid, saponin and tannin.). Terpenoid and saponin were found in peel, aril and seed of three different fruit shapes. This study concluded that the phytochemical contents of three fruit shapes of Ridan (N. mangayi) varies among the different shapes of fruit. This result of this study provide the first information of bioactive profile of N. mangayi form Riau Province.