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Dental implant can be defined as the process of inserting an artificial tooth in the place of natural tooth. This artificial tooth consists of: a) abutment b) Custom made crown and c) an implant. Since it is replacing the natural tooth, it should resemble and work in the same manner. It should not break under the chewing load. Dental implant shows great success rate but over the years. They are regarded as a significant contribution to dentistry since they have changed the process of replacing lost teeth. The capacity of the implant material to integrate with the surrounding tissue is critical to its success. Dental implants are artificial dental roots that are used to replace missing teeth. Dental implant is slightly expensive and patient has to go through plenty of processes like surgery. Moreover, even after taking all the preventive measures there are still chances of failing the implant and hence material selection and surface modification techniques used in Dental implant plays a crucial role. In this review paper we will see the different material used in dental implant and different surface modification techniques.