Background: Bilateral anterior nasal packing is often done after septal surgery for hemostatic reasons and mechanical splinting. It has been suggested that nasal packing following septal surgery is a frequent cause of short term eustachian tube dysfunction such as ear fullness and mild pain. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of anterior nasal packing on middle ear pressure. Methods: For this prospective, longitudinal study, ninety-two (92) patients admitted for routine septal surgeries were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria from the in-patient Department of ENT and Head &Neck Surgery, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka during 1st January 2020 to 31st July 2021. Following informed written consent, the patients were interviewed three times: preoperative, after 24 hours of ANS pack and 6 days after pack removal. During each time, middle ear pressure was measured by an impedance audiometer. Any otological symptoms produced when ANS pack was in place for 24 hours and 6 days after pack removal were also observed and recorded. Results: Among 92 patients in this study, mean preoperative middle ear pressure was -5.5 (± 30.14) daPa. After 24 hours of anterior nasal packing, 70 ears (38%) showed abnormal middle ear pressure among 184 ears. Mean middle ear pressure after 24 hours of ANS pack was -76.5 (± 58.8) daPa. Middle ear pressure again measured after 6 days of removal of ANS pack and showed that the middle ear pressure of all the patients were within normal range. Mean middle ear pressure was -12.4(± 36.5) daPa after 6 days of pack removal. Some otological symptoms developed due to change in middle ear pressure following ANS pack like ear fullness, earache and tinnitus. All these symptoms subsided after 6 days of pack removal. Conclusion: Anterior nasal packing decreases middle ear pressure which is reversible and returns to normal 6 days after pack removal. Some otological symptoms developed due to change in middle ear pressure which were transient and all came to normal after 6 days of pack removal. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 28(2): 135-140

Background: Laryngeal malignancy is the second most common malignancy in head neck region worldwide. Incidence of supraglottic carcinoma is more common in this country which interferes with most vital functions in the sufferers like voice, respiration and swallowing by virtue of its anatomical location, local infiltration and direct extension. Objectives: To find out the clinicopathological profile of supraglottic laryngeal malignancies of the patients attending in a tertiary level Hospital. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among seventy eight cases of supraglottic carcinoma who were histopathologically proven selected from the in-patient department of ENT and Head -Neck Surgery Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka during January 2020 to July 2021. Results: Among 78 cases in this study, male: female ratio 10.1:1 and mean age was 52.1 (± 4.6) years with the range from 40 to 78 years. Majority of the patients came from low socioeconomic condition (79.5%). Regarding habit 93.6% of cases were smoker and 59% are habituated in chewing betel nut and leaves, 3.8% were with chewing tobacco and alcohol 2.6%. Most of patients presented with more than one symptom and the commonest was change of voice (87.2%), which followed by dysphagia (78.2%), neck swelling (55.1%), irritable cough (32%) and dyspnoea (20.5%). A big portion of the patients (39.7%) had T2 lesion followed by T3 lesion (38.5%), T1 lesion (11.5%) and T4 lesion (10.3%) clinically. Clinical nodal involvement presented in 55.1% cases and there was no distance metastasis. 56 (71.8%) patients had exophytic growth and 22 (28.2%) patients had ulcerative growth. A large portion of the patients (65.4%) had growth in Aryepiglottic fold followed by False Cord (34.6%), arytenoid (29.5%) and Epiglottis (25.6%). On histopathological evaluation, Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was present in 85.8% cases, well differentiated (14.1%), moderately differentiated (53.8%), and poorly differentiated (17.9%). While Adenocarcinoma found in 7.7% cases and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma present in 6.4% cases. Conclusion: Supraglottic carcinoma usually occurs in 5th decade with male predominancy in poor socio economic group. Smoking, chewing (tobacco and betel nut) habits and alcohol consumption have got strong relation in the causation of supraglottic carcinoma.More than half of the cases has nodal metastasis and predominant histological type was squamous cell carcinoma.  Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 28(2): 141-148

Objectives: To assess the clinical presentation and histopathological types and extensions of the disease at the time of presentation. Methods: Cross sectional observational study of 40 patients with sinonasal malignancy from the department of otolaryngology and Head neck surgery, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet Bangladesh, period from May 2019 to April 2020. The patients were examined after admission into hospital pre-operatively and in the postoperative period. The surgical specimens were sent for Histopathology. Results: Majority patients were at 4th to 6th decade where male outnumbered the female with male female ratio was 3.4:1. Out of 40 patients, the majority of patients complaints of nasal obstruction followed by nasal discharge, facial pain, facial swelling and headache. About the site of the lesion maximum patients having the lesion in Maxillary sinus (60%) followed by nasal cavity (15%) multiple sinuses (12.5%) involvement in Ethmoidal sinus (10%) lateral wall of nose (2.5%) Conclusion: Sinonasal Malignancy is usually a disease of middle age and elderly people. Most of the patients (in this study 65% patients come at T3 & T4 stage) presented late with multiple symptoms. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 28(1): 37-42

Background: Incidence of thyroid malignancy is increasing day by day in thyroid swelling. The exact cause of cancer is not known. But there are few predisposing factors in genesis of thyroid malignancy such as age, sex, geographical distribution, familial predisposition, radiation exposure, pre-existing thyroid disease. Papillary thyroid carcinoma is most common among all thyroid malignancy with high incidence of lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study is to find out the pattern of malignancy in thyroid swelling. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was done in department of Otolaryngology- Head neck surgery; Dhaka Medical College Hospital for 6 months. 50 Patients with thyroid swelling undergone operative management were included. Results: Results of this study showed that the highest numbers of patients were in 31-40 years of age group numbering 20 (40%). There were 42 females comprising 84% and males comprising 8 (16%) with female to male ratio 5.25:1. Among the thyroid swelling 35 (70%) cases were solid & 15 (30%) cases were cystic and 38 cases were non-neoplastic and 12 cases were neoplastic. Among the 12 cases 7 cases were malignant. Papillary carcinoma was predominant having 6 (85.7%) cases and Follicular carcinoma was in 1 (14.28%) case and out of 7 cases metastatic cervical lymph node was in 1 (14.28%) case which was from papillary carcinoma. Conclusion: Incidence of thyroid malignancy in thyroid swellings is high. Male patients with thyroid swelling has more chance of thyroid malignancy and papillary thyroid carcinoma is the commonest of all thyroid malignancy with cervical neck node metastasis. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 28(1): 78-83