Background: Malaria, leptospirosis and dengue fever are the predominant monsoon related illnesses in the Indian subcontinent causing considerable mortality and morbidity. These have similar clinical profile and derangement in one or more haematological parameters. We have studied the haematological profile at presentation to differentiate one infection from the other as it presents a significant diagnostic challenge to the treating physician.Methods: A prospective observational study of haematological profile in a total of 336 patients of malaria (plasmodium falciparum, plasmodium vivax and mixed malaria), dengue and leptospirosis were conducted over a period of 1 year in a tertiary care centre in western Maharashtra.Results: In the age group of 20-40 years all the infectious subgroups were observed to have the maximum number of patients with a male preponderance. Maximum frequency of Haemoglobin in leptospirosis was 7-10gm%. Maximum mortality in mixed malaria and leptospirosis was seen with haemoglobin levels <7gm%. In P. vivax malaria, P. falciparum malaria and dengue mortality was not seen in patients with Hb<7gm%.Conclusions: Leucocytosis is most commonly seen in leptospirosis. Patients presenting with leucopenia are most likely to have P. vivax malaria. Mixed malaria was most likely to have thrombocytopenia on presentation. Haemoglobin of <7gm% in leptospirosis and mixed malaria probably predicts a poor outcome.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic immuno-inflammatory systemic disorder mainly affecting synovial joints. Major complaints for which a patient seeks medical attention is pain, swelling in and around the joints, stiffness and limited range of motion. Other tissues and organs are also involved in patients with more extensive disease in the form of heart diseases, respiratory complications, sicca syndrome, gangrene etc. Modern medical science has made so many advancements but exact aetiopathogenesis of the disease is yet to be conclusive. Modern system of medicine has drugs like NSAIDs, Corticosteroids, DMARDs and Biologics which ameliorate the symptoms and overcome agony and crippling caused by the disease but the underlying pathology remains unchecked. A disease clinically resembling to RA is described in Ayurvedic texts as amavata with detailed aetiopathogenesis, symptomatology complications, prognosis and treatment. Amavata has been named so taking into account the underlying two predominant pathological factors i.e. Ama and Vata. Ama formed due to disturbed functioning of agni along with vitiated vata circulates in the body and get lodged in shleshma sthanas particularly synovial joints causing manifestations of RA. Preventive measures are described along with modalities like langhana, deepana-pachana, shodhana and shamana have been described for the management of amavata which directly targets the root cause of the disease. Ayurveda can do a lot for mankind in preventing as well as treatment of this dreadful disease.

Introduction: Pancytopenia is a common and alarming condition encountered by clinicians. We had studied the clinical presentation, laboratory investigations and various etiologies of Pancytopenia. Material and Methods: Study was carried out in a tertiary care centre in western India. A total of 102 patients fulfilling the criteria of pancytopenia were enrolled and studied. Results and conclusion: Megaloblastic anemia was commonest cause of pancytopenia. Easy fatigability and pallor were commonest symptoms and signs respectively. Maximum bleeding manifestations were seen in aplastic anemia and Myelodysplastic syndrome. Available online at: www.ijmrr.in 1557 | P a g e Common over the counter drugs like ibuprofen can also cause pancytopenia. Organophosphorus exposure, cytotoxic drugs, chloramphenicol, methotrexate, phenytoin are commonly implicated [21].Pancytopenia in Indian setting is mostly due to benign because mainly megaloblastic anemia secondary to B12 deficiency caused either by dietary deficiency or treatable condition for example tuberculosis. Emphasis on dietary awareness and supplements wherever required may thus reduce the incidence of pancytopenia and related problems.

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is most prevalent nutritional deficiency worldwide. Anemia generally manifests as easy fatigability, exertional dyspnoea, palpitations, body aches and giddiness depending upon its severity, rapidity of onset and underlying pathology. Treatment of iron deficiency anemia mainly involves correction by iron supplementation but constipation, diarrhea, nausea, epigastric discomfort etc. are frequently encountered as side effects during clinical practice. Pandu has been described in Ayurvedic texts under which all types and causes of anemias can be incorporated. Pitta and rakta are considered main vitiated entities in Pandu. Swarnmakshika and Yashada bhasmas are described to have pandu roga shamak (drugs mitigating anemia) properties hence were selected for the study. Total 30 patients were registered for the trial, 28 completed the trial who were randomly distributed in two groups. Group-I was given Swarnmakshika bhasma and Group-II was given the compound bhasma (Swarnmakshika bhasma + Yashada bhasma) to compare the efficacy of both the formulations. Results were statistically significant in both the trial groups but objective parameters showed better results in trial group-II. Hence it can be concluded that both the formulations have definite hematinic effect but addition of Yashada bhasma with Swarnmakshika bhasma increases its efficacy.