Nowadays Health care industry has a significant growth in using data mining techniques to discover hidden information for effective decision making. Huge amount of healthcare data is suitable to mine hidden patterns and knowledge. In this paper we traced behavior of patients during the period of 3 years in three clinics of a big public sector hospital and tried to detect special groups and their tendencies by RFML model as a customer life time value (CLV). The main goal was to detect 'potential for loyal' customers for strengthen relationships and 'potential to churn' customers for recovery of the efficiency of customer retention campaigns and reduce the costs associated with churn. This strategy helps hospital administrators to increase profit and reduce costs of customers' loss. At first, K-means clustering algorithm was applied for identification of target customers and groups and then, decision tree classifier as churn prediction was used. We compared performance of three clinics based on the number of loyal and churn customers. Our results showed that Pediatric Hematology clinic had a better performance than that of other clinics, because of more number of loyal customers.

Due to the onset peak of COVID‐19, as well as a shortage of human resources, physical environment, protective and medical equipment in hospitals, many patients with mild to moderate symptoms of COVID‐19 are pushed to home care. This condition not only raises public health concerns but also causes a number of psychosocial problems. Therefore, this study intends to examine the psychosocial experiences of patients with COVID‐19 after passing the crisis stage. A qualitative study with a conventional content analysis method was used. Thirty participants were selected using purposeful sampling from Khoy Educational and Medical Centers from 20 March to 20 June 2020. In‐depth semi‐structured interviews were used to collect data. Data were analysed by continuous comparative analysis using MAXQDA 10 software. The concepts extracted from data analysis identified eight subthemes and three main themes. Social rejection theme includes three subthemes: ‘Insularity of the patient’, ‘Concealment’ and ‘patient as the life‐threatening center’. Lack of support theme consists of three subthemes including: ‘financial concerns’, ‘non‐response of the treatment team after discharge’ and ‘concerns about the persistent condition of the disease’. Efforts to gain mental peace theme has two subthemes: ‘recourse to spirituality’ and ‘strengthening hope’. According to the results of the present study, it is necessary to examine the psychological and social needs of patients. Also, by identifying high‐risk groups, supportive psychological networks such as telephone, internet and on‐site medical services to help patients, medical worker and others affected in overcoming psychological problems should be increased. Providing free service packages such as the Internet, free financial aid to damaged jobs and creating the necessary platforms for online shopping and payment services, as well as training on how to plan and practice rehabilitation at home for patients and family caregivers can be helpful.

The purpose of this study is to identify elements that influence the sale of generic pharmaceutical products during their life cycle in order to achieve more comprehensive planning and to prevent a decline stage of the product life cycle (PLC). We used a system dynamic model to identify the behaviors of demand, supply, and competition as three major subsystems of PLC in generic pharmaceutical products. We first investigated the PLC patterns of 527 medicines to identify their “reference mode”, determined the causal loop of the pharmaceuticals phase of PLC based on both an in-depth literature review and experts’ opinions, and finally simulated a quantitative dynamic model based on real-world data between 2012 and 2019 from Iran. Based on the results, “total demand and accurate forecasting”, “marketing efforts”, and “R and D activities of a firm” are the most critical factors involved in the formation of a generic drug PLC. An increase of 20–50% of manufacturers’ marketing and R and D activities can raise sales by more than 50% in the decline stage of the PLC. The product life cycle can give generic manufacturers more insights into the processes leading to declining sales of their products. PLC may help to prevent a product from entering the decline stage even if the total demand for a generic drug is dropping in the market.

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Background and Objectives: Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, which can be detected and continued through stressful life events. Since the medical treatment of depression, is longterm use of antidepressants, therefore, this research was performed to compare the effects of fluoxetine and imipramine on depression. Methods:In this experimental study, 24 male Wistar rats (age range, 180±20gr), were used. Animals were divided into four groups of 6 each, including: Control, under immobilization stress, fluoxetinetreated (dose, 20mg/kg), and the Imipramine-treated (dose, 30mg/kg). Induction of immobilization stress was conducted by limiting polyethylene for 14 days. At the end of the treatment period, the antidepressant effects of the drugs in the treatment groups, were evaluated using tail suspension test. Then, serum levels of corticosterone and glucose, were measured. Results:In this study, the immobility time in the patient group significantly increased as compared to the control group. However, administration of fluoxetine and imipramine decreased immobility time compared to the patient group. Also, immobilization stress significantly decreased corticosterone and serum glucose compared to the control group. While, administration of fluoxetine increased corticosterone levels compared to the patient group, but administration of imipramine induced no change. Administration of fluoxetine or imipramine also increased glucose levels compared to the patient group. Conclusion:The results showed that immobilization stress causes depression-like behavior, and fluoxetine compared to imipramine has more improving effects in the reduction of depression-like behavior.