Manifold neuro-ophthalmological signs & symptoms have been described in association with corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19). These presenting manifestations probably due to the result of a range of pathophysiological mechanisms throughout the course from acute illness to recovery phase & late recovery phase. Optic nerve dysfunction like optic neuropathy is associated with post COVID-19 infection. In this case series we want to highlight about the course, sequelae & association of optic neuropathy in COVID-19 patients. BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 42-44

In a given society, crime is a social phenomenon and an inconsistent act of social order. Engagement of young boys and girls in diverse criminal activities is becoming a universal and more complicated issue in human society. The involvement of youths in different types of crimes is also becoming a major concern in Bangladesh. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the young prisoners in the involvement of various criminal activities. The major theoretical perspectives of criminology, including Strain Theory, Differential Association Theory, Social Disorganization Theory, and Labeling Theory, were used to provide explanations for causes of criminal behavior among young prisoners. The study was conducted employing a mixed approach, that is, taking into consideration both quantitative and qualitative methods because of its nature and subject matter. A survey was carried out by using a structured questionnaire. Moreover, in-depth interviews were carried out to have a deeper understanding of the phenomena under study. The study found that while problematic family relationship and family crisis is the main driving factor influencing the young prisoners for committing the crime, other factors including the influence of neighborhood, peers, poverty, media and social reaction towards individual have also played an influential role.

COVID-19 is a worldwide pandemic that is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SAR-CoV-2). For the effect of this pandemic, the people of Bangladesh are suffering from unprecedented challenges of all ages. Coronavirus pandemic has hit the young mental health badly. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the mental health condition among young people during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. In this study, a qualitative research method was used where twenty case studies were carried out to evaluate critical situations as well as the determinants of psychological health problems that young adults are facing. Result demonstrates that like other ages, young people are bound to stay at home during lockdown that causes a profound effect on their mental health. Due to COVID-19 young people are going through a variety of critical situations including financial hardship, conflict with family members, quarantine-related crisis, increasing pressure for marriage, extreme addiction to the virtual world, and addiction to different video games that threaten their psychological health, for example increasing suicidal tendency, loneliness, anxiety, depression, psychological trauma, low self-confidence anger, etc. Researchers have suggested some potential recommendations to reduce the psychological pressure of young people during pandemics.

Intimacy or intimate relationship means the experience of a strong feeling of closeness, the emotional bonding between males and females. An intimate relationship has a sexual desire which is biologically driven. In the present era, the intimate relationship of young people has transformed due to the influence of technology in Bangladesh. Technological evaluation and social media are bringing one of the most important revolutions in the history of mankind. But the excessive use of technology may create a haphazard situation with young people despite having some positive aspects. The present study aims to explore the influence of technology on youth with the gradual transformation of intimate relationships from pre-modern to post-modern societies. The study was qualitative in nature in which multiple case studies were employed. The study found that the influence of technology is gradually being increased in the pattern of intimate relationships among the youths. Technology has a great influence on the system of intimate relationships such as marriage, divorce, premarital and extramarital relationships. The easy access to the internet and the excessive use of social media affects the pattern of intimacy among the youths in the post-modern era. The study also found that young people are now involved in premarital and extramarital relationships by using internet-based technology which is one of the responsible factors for increasing domestic violence and divorce rate.

Original Research Article Introduction: Myopia is an important cause of visual disability throughout the world, and in its higher forms, it is also an important cause of blindness. Myopia is one of the most common causes of visual disability of the eye and important cause of defective vision affecting the younger age groups. Objective: In our study, efforts are made to find out incidence, prevalence, various symptoms and signs of high and pathological myopia in different age groups and their visual acuity. Methods: This is a prospective study of the Demographic pattern, Posterior segment changes and its effect on visual acuity in patients with High and Pathological Myopia in 100 cases attending in Ophthalmology Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh for a period from June 2015 to May 2017. The patients with refractive error of ≥-6D and with normal corneal curvature are included in the study. Patients with refractive error of <-6D, with index myopia, with abnormal corneal curvature (Curvature Myopia) are excluded from the study. Results: Out of these 100 cases, 196 eyes were diagnosed to have high myopia (>-6.00 Dsph) and pathological Myopia (>-15 D sph) after thorough clinical examination & investigations. Conclusion: High myopic and pathological myopic patients tend to suffer from compromised quality of life owing to various influences from functional, psychological, cosmetic, and financialfactors. So these patients should be given special care, and all modalities of treatment were instituted to improve the quality of life and vision.