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Objective The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness and morbidities of two different tongue base surgical approaches in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Design and Setting We carried out a prospective analysis in order to understand in detail the relative impact on apnoeas of the two different tongue base procedures. Seventy cases in 85 patients with OSA were divided into two operating groups and randomized. Altogether, 37 transoral robotic surgeries (TORS) and 33 coblations were performed. The patency of retrolingual passage was investigated by Muller's manoeuvere, polysomnography. Apnoea‐hypopnea index (AHI) was the primary outcome measure with the Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS). The final follow‐up visit was at 6 months. Results The AHI index improved from 29.7 ± 9 to 10.7 ± 3.9 (P < .005) following TORS and from 27.2 ± 6.4 to 10.3 ± 4 in the coblation group. Selecting a threshold of a 50% reduction in AHI and AHI less than 20 events/h, the overall success rate was 75.6% in TORS compared with 78.7% in coblation (P = .785). Similar results were seen in AHI reduction rates (36%, 37.8%, respectively). ESS showed a significant improvement 6 months following surgery in both groups. Conclusion Transoral robotic surgery technique showed higher complication rates than coblation. TORS and coblation of the tongue base represent a promising treatment option with a similar AHI improvement. However, coblation promises lower complication rates unlike TORS.

Objective/Hypothesis To compare the functional outcomes and complication rates in patients who underwent expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty with anterior palatoplasty (ESPwAP) versus barbed pharyngoplasty (BP). Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods A medical database was used to retrieve the records of 129 patients who had an isolated palatoplasty surgery between January 2014 and July 2018. Patients who had mild or moderate obstructive sleep apnea without a history of revision surgery and underwent ESPwAP or BP in addition to traditional tonsillectomy were included in the study. Pre‐ and postoperative polysomnography and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was evaluated in the patients who completed at least a 6‐month follow‐up period. Results Forty‐five and 53 patients met the inclusion, and were comprised of BP and ESPwAP groups, respectively. ESPwAP and BP significantly improved mean apnea hypopnea index (AHI) from 28.5 to 9.1 (P = .000) and 25.9 to 7.4 (P = .000), respectively. No significant statistical difference was found between the mean AHI scores of two groups. Selecting a threshold of a 50% reduction in AHI and AHI less than 20 events/h, success rates were 86.6% in BP group and 84.9% in ESPwAP group. Conclusions Our study showed that both types of surgeries are effective with comparable results. The BP technique may be preferred when possible to avoid soft tissue excision and seems to be a less invasive procedure with a similar success rate when compared to ESPwAP. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 130:E275–E279, 2020

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of low-temperature bipolar radiofrequency ablation for Coblation of the tongue base in the multilevel management of supine-position-associated obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Study Design and Setting: A retrospective analysis of the data of 16 subjects undergoing uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and tongue base Coblation. The efficacy of the procedure was investigated on the basis of polysomnographic results. Results: The success rate was 62.5% in 16 patients who underwent surgery for OSAS, with decreases in the mean Apnea Hypopnea Index of 20.1–8.9. The success rate was separately evaluated according to the subjects’ posture. A rate of 87.5% was found for the supine position, while the rate was 56.6% in non-supine positions. The minimum postoperative O₂ saturation was significantly increased for REM and non-REM stage 3 sleep rates. Conclusion: It is important to evaluate the relation of the disease to the body position in sleep apnea subjects. Coblation of the tongue base is an applicable method of therapy for patients who have sleep apnea that is more marked in the supine position.

Little is known about the association between idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) and oxidative stress. We investigated changes in a wide range of oxidants and antioxidants to create a comprehensive picture of oxidative imbalance. In the peripheral blood of 50 ISSNHL patients and 50 healthy subjects, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), paraoxonase (PON), thiol/disulphide levels were measured. Moreover, a global oxidative stress index, reflecting both oxidative and antioxidant counterparts, was also calculated. One-way analysis between oxidative markers and severity of hearing loss were evaluated. The ISSNHL patients showed significantly higher TOS levels than controls (6.02 ± 3.17 vs. 4.5 ± 2.22; p = 0.018). The oxidative index was also significantly higher in patients than controls (0.39 ± 0.19 vs. 0.3 ± 0.14; p = 0.035). TAS, PON, native thiol, and total thiol were not altered. There was no statistical significance between oxidative markers and severity of hearing loss. The binary logistic regression model revealed that disulphide and TOS were associated with ISSNHL. There are alterations in a wide array of oxidants and antioxidants, with balance shifting toward increased oxidative stress in ISSNHL. Our findings may suggest endothelial dysfunction in ISSNHL etiopathogenesis.