Fetal ICH can be accurately identified and categorized by antenatal sonography, and fetal MRI. Although intrauterine regression or normal short-term postnatal outcome is possible, the outcome is usually poor for fetuses with high grade and/or progressive lesions. Therefore, further studies assessing long-term postnatal outcome are needed.

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Systemic multidose MTX therapy is an effective and safe treatment method for CSP. However, further studies are needed to compare the safety, effectiveness and reproductive outcome of different treatment modalities in CSP.

In light of these data, FDG-PET/CT scanning is an effective method for the detection of primary tumor in vulvar cancer. Although it seems to be an effective method for the detection of IFLN metastasis, these findings must be supported by further studies with larger sample size for use in the planning of primary surgery and inguinal lymph node dissection without SLN dissection and frozen section, as a minimal invasive method.

Prenatal counseling for isolated, nonprogressive, mild BVM should be mainly reassurance since it is not associated with severe neurodevelopmental delay. However, parents should be educated about the developmental milestone of children to observe and detect mild neurodevelopmental delay which can be associated with mild BVM.