Abstract. Fetal distress is a condition where the fetus experiences hypoxia due to lack of oxygen supply. Fetal distress can be caused by induction of labor with oxytocin causing the uterus to contract. This can cause blood perfusion to the placenta decrease. The aim of this study is to the relationship between induced labor and fetal distress at Al-Ihsan Hospital, West Java Province in 2020–2021. This research method uses observational analytic techniques with a case-control approach. The data in this study were secondary, obtained from the medical records of patients at Al-Ihsan Hospital, which consisted of 56 data subjects. The data collection technique uses a consecutive sampling. Data analysis used the Chi-square test. The results of this study indicate the etiology of fetal distress cases caused by prolonged labor (35.7%) and induction of labor (28.6%). Statistical test results showed an association between induced labor and fetal distress (p=0.007) and induced labor had a 5.2 times greater risk of experiencing fetal distress (OR: 5.2; 95% CI: 1.613–16.765). The results of this study indicate that one of the most common causes of fetal distress is oxytocin-induced labour. Abstrak. Gawat janin merupakan kondisi janin yang mengalami hipoksia akibat kekurangan asupan oksigen. Gawat janin dapat disebabkan oleh induksi oksitosin saat persalinan. Oksitosin menyebabkan uterus berkontraksi kuat sehingga berisiko menurunkan perfusi darah ke plasenta. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu mengetahui hubungan persalinan induksi dengan gawat janin di RSUD Al-Ihsan Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2020–2021. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analitik observasional dengan pendekatan kasus kontrol. Data pada penelitian ini bersifat sekunder yang didapat dari rekam medis pasien RSUD Al-Ihsan yang terdiri atas 56 data subjek. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan concecutive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan etiologi pada kasus gawat janin disebabkan oleh persalinan yang lama (35,7%) dan induksi persalinan (28,6%). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara persalinan induksi dengan kejadian gawat janin (p=0,007) serta persalinan induksi berisiko 5,2 kali lebih besar mengalami gawat janin (OR: 5,2; 95% CI: 1,613–16,765). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penyebab terbanyak pada kejadian gawat janin salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh persalinan yang diinduksi oksitosin.
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