The current study was conducted on workers in the printing industry in Addis Ababa, the capital and largest city of Ethiopia, which has grown significantly in recent years, providing work for a large number of people whose health motivates us to carry out this work. Because these workers handle substances that appear innocuous but are toxic to human health, such as paint products like VOCs, inhaling these volatile and organic solvents is involuntary. If chronic, it manifests in various symptomatic forms in humans, such as changes in psychomotor function or organ damage, highlighting the need to investigate and evaluate their toxicity depending on the degree of aversion and repercussions experienced by those exposed to this type of solvent. The study was conducted on 40 workers who work in randomly selected locations in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. For the quantification of total hippuric acid and phenols in urine, two different methods were used. Finally, a survey was carried out to obtain information on the level of knowledge of the toxicity of the chemical substances that use the degree of protection; once the results of the quantitative analyses were obtained and supplemented with the data made by the personal interview, it allowed us to obtain the necessary information to carry out the statistical evaluation and thus to interpret the real substance of the occupational exposure of contamination to which these workers are exposed. The total phenols found averaged 226.61 ± 3.62   mg / L , and hippuric acid is 2.126 ± 0.83   g / L . These values indicate benzene and toluene exposure because they exceed WHO reference values in urine.

VANETs (vehicular ad hoc networks), which are revolutionary techniques to enhance road safety, can be used to broadcast information about dangerous traffic conditions or accidents. However, distributing important information for driver safety and well-being has strict time and reliability requirements. This is because messages must be received by all cars involved in a potentially dangerous scenario for proper precautions to be taken to avoid the problem from materializing or intensifying. Because of the deterioration in conventional wireless communication system performance, ensuring that such requirements are met is a serious concern. To validate the concept before the actual installation of such systems and their absorption into the vehicle sector, it is therefore critical to employ simulation methodologies that are both reliable and thorough. This piece consists of large-scale, realistic security simulation research of an emergency situation based on actual road traffic data acquired on a Pakistan route. The study’s findings are detailed in the following paragraphs. Aspects such as the incorporation of fixed communication units along a stretch of roadway and the performance of the vehicular network notifying all vehicles engaged in the various accident scenarios modeled on the same stretch of highway were evaluated. Both of these characteristics were designed to increase safety and security applications. After doing the investigation, it was observed that when fixed communication units are incorporated into the network infrastructure, there is a shorter delay in receiving the accident notification. This was the conclusion made after reviewing the findings. Drivers of vehicles located closer to the accident site will be able to respond in a timely and safe manner as a result of this improvement in network performance, and drivers security of vehicles located further away will have the option of exiting the highway to avoid potential congestion caused by increased road traffic.

is work explores the leading supply chain processes impacted by big data analytic techniques. Although these concepts are being extensively applied to supply chain management, the number of works that examine and classify the main processes in the current literature is still scarce. is article, therefore, provides a classi cation of the current literature on the use of big data analytics and provides insight from professionals in the eld in relation to this topic. A well-established set of practical guidelines was used to design and carry out a systematic literature mapping. A total of 50 primary studies were analysed and classi ed, chosen from a sample of 5, 437 studies after careful ltering to answer six research questions. In addition, a survey was prepared and applied by professionals working in the area. In total, 25 professionals answered a questionnaire with eleven questions, ten of which seek to explore the importance of big data analytics for the areas of the supply chain addressed in this work, and one intends to list the three areas where BDA can be more shocking. More than 60% of the studies are directly linked to the area of chain management; most studies performed empirical studies but rarely classi ed or detailed methodological procedures; almost 50% bring models to optimize some process or forecasts for better decision-making; more than 50% of professionals working in the area believe that the processes where big data analytics can e ectively contribute are related to inventory and stockout management. is study serves as a basis for further research and future work, as it reviews the literature, pointing out the main areas that are being addressed and making a relationship with understanding these areas in practice.