Objective: To evaluate the impact of physician-pharmacist collaboration for disease-state management on diabetes outcomes in primary care by comparing outcomes between physician-managed care and pharmacist collaborative care.

Zopiclone is a nonbenzodiazapine hypnotic used for the treatment of insomnia. Significant side effects include daytime drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, bitter taste, dry mouth, headache, and upset stomach. A single method for confirmation and quantitation of zopiclone was developed for biological specimens and tissues. Zopiclone is extracted from the biological matrix using solid phase extraction technology. The drug is confirmed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry for toxicological and forensic purposes.

Zolpidem is a short-acting nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic used for the treatment of insomnia. It works quickly and has a short half-life of 2-3 h. Significant side effects are reported including dizziness, amnesia, and even hallucinations. In this method, zolpidem is extracted from blood or other biological fluids/tissues using solid phase extraction technology for analysis. The extract is then assayed using selected ion monitoring gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for absolute confirmation of the compound. The quantitation of this drug is made from standard curves constructed using selected ion monitoring and peak-area ratios of analyte vs. internal standard of quantifying ions.

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