Although the PLMA can be used with SV or PPV, the higher leak pressure achieved with the PLMA, and the ability to evacuate fluid and air from the stomach suggest that it may be a useful alternative to tracheal intubation for procedures in which PPV is desired in children aged 4 months to 13 years.

We found that the addition of clonidine 2 microg.kg-1 to 0.125% bupivacaine with fresh epinephrine 1:200,000 for caudal analgesia did not significantly delay the time to first rescue analgesic or decrease the overall need for rescue analgesics in children 2-8 years undergoing surgical procedures below the umbilicus.

No abstract