Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants. Winter outbreaks in Chile result in 5% of infected children hospitalized, with 0.01% mortality. Increased evidence indicates that viral and host factors modulate the severity of infection. Using DNA microarrays, we characterized the genome-wide transcriptional response of lung mucoepidermoid cells (NCI-H292) at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours post-infection (hpi) with a single dose of RSV/A. During the whole studied period, a bi-phasic gene expression profile was observed by a total of 330 differentially expressed genes. About 60% of them were up-regulated between 24-72 hpi and then turned-off at 96 hpi. This transient, early gene expression pattern was significantly enriched in biological processes like interferon signaling, antigen processing and presentation, double-stranded RNA binding and chemokine activity. We detected 27 common genes up-regulated between 24-72 hpi, from which IFIT1, IFI44, MX1, CXCL11 and OAS1 had the highest expression. The second pattern comprised over 120 genes, which remained silenced until 72 hpi, but were steeply up-regulated by 96 hpi. Biological processes of this late-response profile included cell cycle division and microtubule cytoskeleton organization. Conversely, the genes belonging to virus response pathway showed a decreased expression at 96 hpi. We conclude that RSV induces an early innate immune activation profile response until 72 hpi. Thereafter, the viral response is inhibited, leading to host cell recovery. The presented cellular model allows to study the specific pathways involved in elimination of infection at prolonged time intervals and their subsequent analysis in severe RSV disease of infants and/or older adults.

RESUMEN: El arco axilar de Langer o músculo axilopectoral es una variación relativamente rara de la inserción del músculo latísimo del dorso. Se identifica en aproximadamente el 1.7 a 7% de las disecciones axilares y corresponde a un complejo músculofascial, la parte muscular junto con el tendón del músculo pectoral mayor se inserta dentro del labio lateral del surco intertubercular del húmero, mientras que, la parte fascial está formada por bandas fibrosas que se extienden en la parte profunda del músculo pectoral mayor para insertarse en el proceso coracoide entre la unión de los músculos coracobraquial y pectoral menor. El reconocimiento de esta anomalía es importante para los médicos clínicos, cirujanos y fisioterapeutas, ya que obliga a plantearse el diagnóstico diferencial de masas axilares, historia de obstrucción venosa axilar intermitente, o su aparición inesperada en el transcurso de la disección axilar del linfonodo centinela o linfadenectomías. Se presentan tres casos de arco axilar de Langer diagnosticados en la

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