In this study, the anatomical features of the leaf and stem, besides the pollen and nutlet characteristics of Teucrium sandrasicum are investigated. T. sandrasicum, belonging to sect. Teucrium, is an endemic perennial herb growing on serpentine around Mugla province. The anatomical studies on T. sandrasicum revealed that the stem shares the general characteristics of the Labiatae family. The leaves clearly exhibit xeromorphy due to features such as the distribution of stomata on the lower surface (hipostomatic), the occurrence of guard cells below the epidermis (xeromorphic type), inrolled margins, thick cuticle layer, thick outer epidermal cell wall, a high density of trichomes and thick palisade layer of the mesophyll. The anatomical studies showed that the upper epidermal cells of the leaf include many spherocrystals. The pollen grains are prolate, medium in size, 3-colpate with verrucate ornamentation. The nutlets are ellipsoid with a reticulate-verrucate surface. The results have proven thatT. sandrasicum is different from the other species of the sect. Teucrium because of the branched trichomes on the stem and the lack of eglandular trichomes on the nutlets.

The use of positive and negative reasons in inference and decision aiding is a recurrent issue of investigation. A language enabling us to explicitly take into account such reasons is Belnap's logic and the four valued logics derived from it. In this paper, we explore the interpretation of a continuous extension of a four-valued logic as a necessity degree (in possibility theory). It turns out that, in order to take full advantage of the four values, we have to consider "sub-normalized" necessity measures. Under such a hypothesis four-valued logics become the natural logical frame for such an approach.

Bipolar scale: A bipolar value scale covers the entire range: negative, neutral, and positive. The value and the corresponding disvalue are presented on the same scale as opposite evaluations (eg, ugly -indifferent -beautiful, disloyal -lukewarm -loyal).• Monopolar scale: A monopolar value scale covers only half of range covered by bipolar ones: neutral-positive. It does not permit to express a disvalue because of the lack of the negative part, only the absence of something positive (like the wealth) can be expressed in this covered spectrum (eg, unimaginative -imaginative, unintelligent -intelligent). In this case, neutral point does not have a "neutral sense" because it represents a complete lack of something positive.As it can be remarked, bipolarity has been interpreted since the sixties by researchers who are interested in the representation of values and who proposed some tools (such as bipolar scales) for this purpose. b This means that a change from the second one to the first one is preferable.