No abstract

Finishing textiles was widely used to impart various functionalities into fabric substrates, such as anti-microbial finishing, UV-protection, water repellent, self-cleaning and many others. However, the chemical finishing involves the use of large quantities of energy, chemicals, and water. Some chemical finishes in the wastewater can be harmful to humans, and the presence of chemicals in finished textiles can cause skin irritation in some people, so every day attempts to introduce cleaner, sustainable, and greener chemical finishing are urgently needed. Among the developed approaches are safer chemicals with minimal or no toxicity to human health and the environment, safe solvents and auxiliaries, energy efficiency (reduced temperature and pressure), natural, biodegradable, and renewable chem