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This study aimed to determine the effect of the breast milk smell, white noise and facilitated tucking during endotracheal suctioning (ES) on pain and physiological findings. Design and methods: The present study was conducted as a randomized, controlled experimental trial study. The sample of the study was composed of a total of 80 preterm infants. Pain was measured with PIPP-R pain scale. rMANOVA and bonferroni tests were used in the comparison of the pain scores of the groups. Results: It was determined that white noise and facilitated tucking were more effective in relieving infants before ES procedure (p b .05). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in reducing the pain during ES procedure (p N .05). After the procedure, facilitated tucking was determined more effective in the recovery of preterm infants (p b .05). Practice implications: It is recommended to use facilitated tucking and white noise for decreasing pain of ventilated preterm infants during the ES procedure. Conclusions: White noise and facilitated tucking were effective in relieving pain before procedure and facilitated tucking recovery in preterm infants after the ES procedure.

When a child is diagnosed with cancer, family members are affected both socially and psychologically. This study was conducted to determine the depression, anxiety (state and trait), hopelessness, and perceived social support levels of 94 parents of children with cancer followed up at a university hospital. Data were collected using a questionnaire form and included descriptive characteristics, Beck Depression Inventory, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and The Hopelessness Scale. A positive relationship was found between depression and hopelessness scores and between state and trait anxiety scores for both mothers and fathers. Also, a negative relationship was found between social support and depression scores and between hopelessness and social support scores. Apart from fathers, a positive relationship between depression and trait anxiety scores and a negative relationship between state anxiety and hopelessness scores were found in mothers. Based on these results, it seems that it would be highly beneficial to provide psychological and social support and social support groups to help parents cope with these problems.

A daily physical activity programme increased SOS values of the tibia and mid-upper arm circumference in VLBW pre-term infants.

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