We recently reported three truncating mutations of the cytochrome P4501B1 gene (CYP1B1) in five families with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) linked to the GLC3A locus on chromosome 2p21. This could be the first direct evidence supporting the hypothesis that members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily may control the processes of growth and differentiation. We present a comprehensive sequence analysis of the translated regions of the CYP1B1 gene in 22 PCG families and 100 randomly selected normal individuals. Sixteen mutations and six polymorphisms were identified, illustrating an extensive allelic heterogeneity. The positions affected by these changes were evaluated by building a three-dimensional homology model of the conserved C-terminal half of CYP1B1. These mutations may interfere with heme incorporation, by affecting the hinge region and/or the conserved core structures (CCS) that determine the proper folding and heme-binding ability of P450 molecules. In contrast, all polymorphic sites were poorly conserved and located outside the CCS. Northern hybridization analysis showed strong expression of CYP1B1 in the anterior uveal tract, which is involved in secretion of the aqueous humor and in regulation of outflow facility, processes that could contribute to the elevated intraocular pressure characteristic of PCG.

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We suppose that ophthalmic manifestations, especially macular retinitis, may be useful in the diagnosis and management of SSPE cases with elevated IgG titers for rubeola in CSF. The typical clinical findings must be familiar to every ophthalmologist so that diagnostic pitfalls can be prevented and early therapy started. It may be discussed if early diagnosis and therapy will be possible before neurological signs appear, the prognosis of this relentless disease may show a more favorable course.

We investigated the role of interleukin 8 (IL-8) in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). The IL-8 level in the vitreous and the blood of 20 patients with PVR was measured by a specific enzyme-linked immunoassay method. Vitreous from cadaver eyes (n = 20) was used as the control. The IL-8 level in the vitreous was between 31.3 and 65 pg/ml in 40% of eyes with PVR. IL-8 was detected neither in the blood of the patients with PVR nor in the vitreous from cadaver eyes. IL-8 levels in the vitreous did not correlate with either the grade of PVR or the duration of symptoms. These results suggest that IL-8 may play a role in the pathogenesis of PVR.

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