No abstract

Today, electrochemical methods and their applications in human life, combating environmental pollution, synthesis and energy have been taken scientists' attention. Meanwhile, the preparation of various compounds and products using electrochemical methods has received more attention due to various advantages such as ease and low cost. Here, we used an electrochemical method to prepare perchlorate. Perchlorate salts are extensively used in rocket fuel, spacecraft, submarines, airbags, fireworks, and fertilizers. Since the anode potential for perchlorate oxidation is near that for water oxidation, conventional electrodes can't be used in the perchlorate electrosynthesis. The modified PbO2 electrodes by neodymium with a wide potential window can be used for this purpose. We prepared these electrodes and they were first evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometer, voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectrometer (EIS). The results showed that the potential of water oxidation on the modified PbO2 electrodes by neodymium was 2 V. To achieve high production yield in the preparation of perchlorate from chlorate, various parameters including pH, time, and current density were optimized by the Box-Behnken design of the experiment method. The optimal values for this process were obtained at pH = 11, temperature 40C and current density of 0.5 mA/cm2. The results at the optimal condition showed that the perchlorate production yield by modified PbO2 electrodes was 80% in the 300 min. This value was only 60% for the unmodified PbO2 electrode.