Objective: To estimate the outcome of acute meningoencephalitis (AME) in children and evaluate the impact of prognostic factors. Design and setting:A prospective cross sectional study was conducted in the paediatric ward of Khulna Medical College Hospital from 2007-2009. Method:All admitted children, aged 1 month to 12 years, satisfying the case definition were enrolled into the study. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected for cytology and biochemistry to categorize AME into pyogenic, viral or normal varieties. CSF was tested for common bacterial antigen and, along with serum was also tested for Japanese encephalitis virus antibodies. Patients were monitored twice daily until the final outcome.Results: One hundred and forty children were inducted constituting 2.5% of admissions. Infants (30%) were the worst sufferers. Twenty one (15%) children with AME died which is 4 times higher than the overall mortality (3.8%) in paediatric ward (p<0.001). Among the 11 bacteria positive cases one died from S Pneumoniae. Low GCS score was associated with higher mortality (p<0.05). Eighteen (13%) cases developed neurological sequelae. Paralysis (27%) was the most frequent followed by hydrocephalus (23%) and involuntary movements (14%). Number of sequelae was significantly higher in pyogenic (44%) meningoencephalitis in comparison to non-pyogenic (14%) Conclusions: Mortality from AME was 15%. Low GCS score was associated with higher fatality.

The worldwide estimated prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus is 4.6% in 20-79 year aged population. In 1985, an estimated 30 million people worldwide had diabetes. The World Health Organization warns diabetes will reach epidemic with 300 million by 2025.The prevalence of diabetes is the highest in developed countries but developing countries are expected to have the largest increase in next decade.1 Uncontrolled diabetes leads to soreness, ulcers, infections and tooth decay and decrease oral health status.3 Objective: To assess oral health status among the diabetic patients in dental department of BIRDEM. Methods: It was a cross sectional type of descriptive study conducted among 110 patients for 6 months period. Data were collected using questionnaire and oral examination checklist. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results: Males were 61.8% and 32.7% were in 40-50 years age group, post-graduate educated were 47.3%, 40.9% were employed in job and  monthly family income was taka >20000. The highest 31.8% were diabetic for 3-10 years and 47.3% were under control.  Regularly 85.5% patients checked blood sugar and followed the advice. Oral hypoglycemic was taken by 60.9% patients and followed diabetic diet 76.4%. Dental health problems developed in 44.5% diabetes patients, 41.8% developed Gum Swelling, 22.7% Bleeding during brushing teeth, 16.4% Bad breath, 16.4% had Pain and 2.7% having loosening their teeth. Both grade 3 gingivitis and grade 2 periodontitis were found in 34.5%. Maximum 48.2% visited dental surgeon. Conclusion: Regular dental care is particularly important for people with diabetes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v3i2.16610 Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education Vol.3(2) 2013: 29-35

Objectives: To find out the proportion, to determine the average length of stay at hospital and to estimate the cost of treatment for hospital-acquired infections in a tertiary level hospital of Rangpur City. Materials and Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted on purposively selected 200 admitted patients in a tertiary level hospital. Among them 100 were HAI patients and 100 were non HAL Data were collected through duly pretested interviewer administered questionnaire and observation checklist. Place and period of study: This study was conducted in Rangpur Medical College Hospital (RpMCH), Rangpur from January to June2011. Results: In this cross sectional study the highest percentage of HAI (42%) belonged to the surgery ward and the lowest percentage (19.%) belonged to medicine ward of the study hospital. According to the type of infections the surgical wound infection was found on the top (23%) and the cannula-associated infection at the bottom (5%) of the list. Respondents of both the polar age groups (<21 years and > 60 years) were found to be equally (27%) affected by HAI. Occurrence of HAI was found higher (57%) among the female respondents than their male (43%) counterparts. Highest number (48%) of HAI and lowest number (14%) of non- HAI patients were found to be visited by maximum number (?5) of visitors. Among the respondents who developed HAI, 42% had to stay at hospital for longest duration (21-25 days) but only 13% of their non- HAI counterparts had to stay for same duration. Among HAI patients 26% had to spend highest amount of money (Tk.20,0011- 25,0001-) but among non- HAI patients only 10% had to spend same amount of money for their treatment purpose. Conclusion: It has been revealed from this study that the occurrence of HAI was found higher among the patients with maximum number of visitors. Average length of hospital stay and cost of treatment of HAI patients were found higher than those of their non-HAI counterparts. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v4i2.20247 Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research and Education Vol.4(2) 2014: 49-52

Objective: The purpose of the study was to collect information to assess the level of sterilization practice and to identify the method of sterilization in the dental clinics in Rangpur city for further research and evaluation of the treatment quality. The study was carried out from January 2012 to June 2012 among 25 Dental clinics in Rangpur city for 6 months period. Results: Among the Respondents (16%) said draping sheet was supplied by the authority, while in 84% were not supplied. Distribution of Respondents by wearing theater shoes in the clinic were (96%) whereas (4%) didn’t wear and 52% of the patients wore theater shoes in the clinic whereas 48% didn’t wear it. Among the respondents 8% said plastic syringe was used in the clinic while 92% didn’t use, Dental surgeons of 72% (18) of the total clinics used to wear disposable hand gloves where 28% didn’t wear, 52% (13) of the Dental surgeons used to wear apron whereas 48% didn’t. Among the clinics gloves were available in 92% for the service providers and 68% apron were available for the service providers. (24%) of the respondents used dettol to wash the floor, whereas 76% used savlon. Among all the operative rooms 8% used separate container to deposit sharp and other waste and 92% didn’t use.(96%) of the clinics used chlorohexidine with cetrimide (savlon), and 4% (1)used Chlorohexidine with alchohol (hibisol) ). Among all the clinics 24% used sterilized Cotton and 76% didn’t and 64%  used sterilized gauge .(96%) of the clinics had availability of disinfectants. Only (4%) of the clinics had all the available sterilization methods. (96%) of the clinics had availability of surface disinfected. Only (8%) of the clinics had all the available instruments sterilizer. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v3i2.16601 Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education Vol.3(2) 2013: 1-4

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