The digital wideband arrays with data converters and digital signal processing capability permit greater flexibility in the pattern synthesis than conventional time‐delay steered wideband arrays, which provides an opportunity to solve the polarised pattern synthesis of wideband arrays by using numerical optimisation algorithms. A finite‐impulse response (FIR) filter is placed at each element to directly optimise the synthesised polarisation and wideband power patterns. Both the optimisations of the sum and difference patterns are formulated as convex programming problems to obtain efficient solutions. The proposed synthesis method, which has no special requirement on the array geometry and element pattern, is flexible and applicable to arbitrary arrays. By optimising the complex coefficients of FIR filters, any state of polarisation can be synthesised in a given angle‐frequency space with frequency‐invariant main beams and arbitrary sidelobe upper bounds. Various design examples are presented to testify the potentiality of the proposed method.

An optimal polarization beam pattern synthesis method based on particle swarm optimization is proposed in this paper. It is flexible to synthesize any state of polarization and arbitrary shape of power pattern. There is no limitation on the array geometry and element, and the proposed method is applicable for different array synthesis problems. Two typical examples, elliptical polarization synthesis with narrow main beam and linear polarization synthesis with shape main beam, are presented to show the potentiality of the proposed method. Keywords: beam pattern synthesis, particle swarm optimization, polarized array Classification: Microwave and millimeter wave devices, circuits, and systems References[1] M. Hurtado, J.

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Tri‐polarised antennas are exploited to synthesise the optimal polarised beampattern in this study. First, the characteristics of a single tri‐polarised antenna are studied with an infinite current sheet model. Using the cross‐product algorithm, the authors find that three co‐located orthogonal current sheets are equivalent to a pair of orthogonal current sheets in a particular orientation. It implies that the tri‐polarised antenna is just virtually equivalent to a rotatable dual‐polarised antenna. Then by formulating the problem in a convex form, they adopt the convex optimisation algorithm to synthesise optimal polarised beampattern of the tri‐polarised array. The simulation results show that due to the increased orientation degree of freedom, the sidelobe and cross‐polarisation level of tri‐polarised array are significantly lower than the dual‐polarised array.

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