Zero Energy Buildings (ZEB) promote a comprehensive view of sustainable architecture and a profound change in the way to build. Research and development in energy transition must necessarily face technological and socio-economic issues. In that line, the goal here is to offer a response to minimize the building sector’s energy and environmental impact. To this end, a review of the state of the art of the subject was carried out, where 97 scientific articles from a period comprising 2006 to 2020, considered the most pertinent, were selected. The methodology consisted of analyzing these texts based on ten questions formulated to address the subject: their origins, current status and future projections regarding energy efficiency and sustainability. The questions refer to definitions (Q1), sustainability (Q2), technologies involved (Q3), emissions (Q5), energy (Q4) (Q6) (Q7), regulations (Q8), climate change (Q9), and future projections (Q10). The work allows concluding that ZEB are integrated in a holistic way in the transformation towards a renewable and sustainable future in terms of energy solutions and, in turn, they have the potential to be implemented in different geographical and climatic positions.