Experimental results are presented which characterize the behaviour of a loose, fine-grained, water-saturated sand tested under globally undrained and drained conditions in a plane strain apparatus. The objective of this investigation is to provide insight into the phenomenon of shear banding in loose sand. Together with local measurements of boundary forces and deformations, stereophotogrammetry is used to investigate the progression of strain localization in plane strain compression. Typical results and findings concerning the evolution of non-homogeneous deformation are presented in detail. Shear banding occurred in both undrained and drained experiments on loose masonry sand. In general, temporary modes of strain localization, observed during macroscopically ‘uniform’ deformations of a specimen, gave way to a single, persistent shear band. A clear pattern of onset of the formation of the persistent shear band, mobilization of the maximum effective friction and complete formation of the band was observed in all tests. The stress state when the localization begins is very close to, yet precedes that corresponding to the maximum mobilized friction. The persistent shear bands evolve with changing width and orientation. L'exposé présente les résultats d'essais de compression plane visant à caractériser le comportement de sable meuble, à grains fins et saturé d'ean dans des conditions générales non drainées et drainées. L'objectif de cette étude est de mieux faire comprendre la formation de bandes de cisaillement dans le sable meuble. En plus de mesurer les forces limites et les déformations, on a eu recours à la stéréophotogrammétrie pour étudier la progression de la localisation des tensions sous l'effect d'une compression plane. L'exposé présente en détail les résultats et constatations types concernant l'évolution de déformations non homogénes. Lors d'essais non drainés et drainés, des bandes de cisaillement se sont formées dans du sable de construction meuble. En règlegénérale, la formation d'une seule bande de cisaillement persistante s'est substituée aux modes temporaires de localisation des contraintes, observés pendant des déformations macroscopiquement «uniformes« d'une éprouvette. Dans tous les essais, le début de la formation d'une bande de cisaillement persistante, la mobillsation du frottement efficace maximal et la formation complète de la bande ont suivi un schéma bien défini. L'état de contrainte où commence la localisation est très proche de celui qui correspond au frottement mobilisé maximal, mais le précède. Les bandes de cisaillement persistantes évoluent en fonction de la largeur et de l'orientation

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Adventure Engineering (AE) is a middle grade science and mathematics outreach initiative that entails the development and implementation of single day to four-week adventure-driven, engineering-based curricula for grade 5 through 9 science and/or mathematics classes. The curricula is inquiry-based and openended; activities are designed to facilitate the learning and application of concepts identified in national mathematics and science standards, and to immerse students in the engineering design experience. This paper reports the findings from the development and implementation of AE curricula in six different middle grade subjects in urban and suburban schools. Rigorous assessment revealed that the AE curricula have successfully improved mathematics and science content knowledge. Student attitudes towards mathematics and science, and in limited cases engineering, also improved. This paper also presents the results of a survey of urban and suburban student attitudes towards mathematics, science and engineering.