Background and ObjectivesBlood transfusion centres ensure the quality and safety of transfusable blood components. However, septic transfusion reactions involving environmental contaminants occur. An international survey issued by the ISBT Transfusion‐Transmitted Infectious Diseases Working Party (ISBT‐TTID‐WP) Bacterial Subgroup aimed to collect information regarding microbiological environmental monitoring from transfusion services.Materials and MethodsA Form survey (English and Spanish) with 35 questions was sent to ISBT‐TTID‐WP members. The survey had four sections: (1) respondent personal information, (2) cleaning/disinfection practices during blood component manufacturing, (3) cleaning/disinfection practices during blood component storage and (4) blood component storage bag integrity. Respondents completed the survey electronically, and data were comparatively analysed using Microsoft Excel.ResultsThere were 49 responses from 20 countries. Five of 49 sites manufacture blood components in a cleanroom, and most use personal protective equipment, although the type varied between sites. Approximately 40% of sites perform environmental monitoring during blood component production, with seven sites providing details about frequency and methods. Most (~94%) centres have procedures for cleaning/disinfection of processing and storage facilities with varying responses regarding areas, frequency and methods. Inconsistency was reported regarding the orientation of platelet component incubation (portrait vs. landscape). Over 93% of sites assess storage bag integrity and report damage to manufacturers, and 49% of centres report septic transfusion reactions potentially linked to damaged storage containers.ConclusionData from this survey highlight the need for consensual guidelines for transfusion services regarding cleaning and disinfection practices. Environmental monitoring could be adopted to minimize the risk of blood component contamination for transfusion patient safety.
El objetivo de este estudio fue cuantificar los residuos generados por la operación anual de la Red Nacional de Sangre (RN) de Colombia. Para esto, se calculó la cantidad de residuos generados por las donaciones de sangre y por los hemocomponentes obtenidos, transfundidos e incinerados entre enero y diciembre de 2018, a partir de los informes nacionales de los bancos de sangre y los servicios de transfusión. Los costos de incineración (expresados en dólares estadounidenses) se obtuvieron al multiplicar el total de residuos biológicos por el precio de incinerar un kilogramo en tres zonas distintas de Colombia. Los gases producidos se determinaron empleando los factores de emisión del Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico de España. La cantidad de residuos no generados se infirió del total de donaciones prevenidas por el Sistema de Información en Hemovigilancia (SIHEVI-INS) implementado en 2018. Como resultado se obtuvo que, en 2018, la RN registró 858 890 donaciones sanguíneas y 334 503 pacientes transfundidos. La aceptación de donantes generó 61,0 megagramos/año de residuos (73.4 % biológicos) con un costo de incineración de $33 418 (±26 087) y emisión de 25,8 megagramos de gases (99,2 % CO2 y 0,6 % NO, NO2 y CO) por incineración. El uso y el descarte de hemocomponentes generaron 349.5 megagramos/año (±99.5), equivalentes a $258 880 (±99 709) y 201.4 megagramos de gases. SIHEVI-INS evitó la producción de 55.1 megagramos/año (±19.1), ahorrando $40 805 (±18 098) y 31.8 megagramos de gases. En conclusión, los 350 megagramos de residuos biológicos producidos por la RN representaron el 0,06-0,08 % del total de residuos o desechos peligrosos generados en Colombia y el 0,75-0,82 % del sector salud.
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