In Madagascar, evidence of a rift neotectonics oriented north–south is shown and analyzed on microtectonic, kilometric, and regional scales. This phase, reported for the first time, influences significantly the water flow patterns and the following modern processes: directional control of the hydrographic system; local changes in base water levels; development of zones of active erosion and sedimentation; opening and (or) reopening of drainage fractures in karstic systems; typological diversification of some depressions (lowland floodings); hydraulic transfer between surface and subsurface controlled by preferential major axes of underground water drainage. [Journal Translation]

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