RESUMEPour les pays du Sahel, l'autosuffisance alimentaire commence par une gestion rationnelle de leurs ressources en eau. Bien que ces pays possedent des plans d'eau permanents, il sont continuellement aux prises avec de serieux problemes d'approvisionnement et de gestion de l'eau. La gestion de cette ressource commence par l'etablissementd'un systeme d'inventaire et de suivi hydrologique. Les images LANDSAT, par leurs capacites a fournir des donnees multidates (depuis 1972) et a couvrir de vastes territoires, constituent un outit approprie pour alimenter une base de donnees geographiques lieesala gestion des ressources naturelles et, plus particulierement, a la gestion de l'eau. Les auteurs ont entrepris un projet portant sur la gestion de l'eau dans Ie nord-est du Burkina Faso. Ce projet a ete divise en trois phases: 1) evaluation de la capacite existante d'approvisionnement en eau pour les humains et pour Ie betail et, par le fait meme, identification des aires deficientes; 2) identification de nouvelles sources d'approvisionnement en eau (forage de puits et construction de petits barrages); 3) identification de sous-ensembles de ces nouvelles sources d'approvisionnement en fonction des sites dont les caracteristiques repondent aux priorites de developpement tels les besoins pour la population humaine et animale, l'autosuffisance alimentaire, etc. Dans ce projet, l'attention a ete portee sur I'integration des donnees de teledetection et des informations geographiques. Cette integration a ete reatisee manuellement. Cependant, les progres technologiques accomplis en ce domaine permettent maintenant d'appliquer la methodologie dans un contexte numerique.
SUMMARYFor countries in the Sahel, the path toward food self-sufficiency begins with the efficient management of their water resources. Although these countires have permanent water bodies, they continually face serious water supply and management problems. Management of the water resource must begin with the establishment of an hydrologic inventory and surveillance system. LANDSAT satellite imagery, which offers both multitemporal data (since 1972) and extensive coverage, constitutes a well suited tool for providing input into a geographic information data base devoted to natural resources management, and more specifically, to water management.A scheme for water management was undertaken by the authors in northeastern Burkina Faso. The project was divided into three stages. The first stage was the evaluation of existing water supplies for humans and livestock which, by default identifies areas of deficiency. The second stage was the identification of additional water supply locations from well drilling and small dam construction. The third stage identified subsets of these additional supply locations where the characteristics of the sites meet development priorities such as human or livestock needs, food self-sufficiency, etc. The project focused on the integration of remotely sensed data and geographic information. This integration was performed manually; h...
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