The understanding of the oxidative stress mechanisms helps to explain many of the processes of cellular lesion and death, especially those related to the hemolytic diseases. Sickle cell anemia, thalassemias and G6-PD deficiency are among the more frequent genetic anomalies accompanied by oxidative stress. In the sickle cells, one of the factors that predisposes to the hemolytic process is the oxidative degradation of the hemoglobin S due to its deoxigenation leading to hemichrome formation and precipitation as Heinz bodies. The oxidative stress contributes to the sickle process and shortening of the erythrocyte survival. Here we analyzed the oxidative process in erythrocytes of patients with two different genotypes for HbS (AS and SS). Units of blood from donors of the Center of Hematology and Hemotherapy of Paraná (HEMEPAR), from normal individuals (AA) and from heterozygote individuals (AS), and venous blood collected from patients with sickle cell anemia (SS) were analyzed. In order to evaluate the protective action of the vitamins C and E in oxidative stress, erythrocytes were treated with antioxidant substances, vitamin C and vitamin E, and then treated with the oxidant tert-butilhydroperoxide (TBHP). The oxidative action induced by TBHP was observed in erythrocytes AA

Avaliação dos indicadores de qualidade de laboratórios de citopatologia cervical RESUMONeste trabalho foi avaliado o desempenho dos 13 laboratórios que realizaram o exame citopatológico para o SUS no Paraná, por meio de seis indicadores do monitoramento interno da qualidade (MIQ). Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo, baseado nos dados obtidos no programa do Ministério da Saúde, SISCOLO/CNES, dos laboratórios que efetuaram acima de 1.500 exames de Papanicolaou/ano, de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2012. A avaliação da qualidade dos laboratórios foi feita pela análise do índice de positividade (IP), percentuais de exames compatíveis com ASC entre os exames satisfatórios, ASC entre os exames alterados, exames compatíveis com HSIL, exames insatisfatórios e razão ASC/SIL. Dos laboratórios avaliados, apenas um apresentou produtividade maior que 15 mil exames/ano conforme recomendação da QualiCito, e correspondeu a 82,9 % dos exames realizados no estado. O IP mostrou que 46,1 % dos laboratórios apresentaram resultado muito baixo, 38,5 % baixo, apenas 18,1 % dentro da faixa esperada. Com relação ao percentual de HSIL, 23,1 % dos laboratórios apresentaram percentual igual ou superior a 0,4 %. Portanto, os resultados deste estudo mostraram que os indicadores de qualidade do MIQ, dos laboratórios que realizaram exame citopatológico para o SUS, estão abaixo dos parâmetros recomendado pelo Ministério da Saúde. Palavras-chave. controle de qualidade, citologia, colo do útero. ABSTRACTThis study aimed at evaluating the profile of 13 laboratories that perform the Pap smear for the Public Healthcare System in Paraná State, Brazil, through six internal quality monitoring indicators (MIQ). This retrospective study was based on the data obtained from the Ministry of Health Program, SISCOLO/ CNES, including laboratories performing over 1500 Pap tests/year, from January 2008 to April 2013. The quality assessment of laboratories was performed by analyzing the positivity rate (PR), the percentage of tests compatible with ASC among satisfactory examinations, the ASC among abnormal tests, the tests compatible with HSIL, the unsatisfactory rate and the ASC/SIL ratio. Of analyzed laboratories, only one demonstrated productivity higher than 15.000 tests/year as recommended by QualiCito, and these corresponded to 82.9 % of tests performed in the State. The PR was very low in 46.1 % of laboratories and low in 38.5 %; 18.1 % of laboratories only were within the expected range. The percentage of HSIL was equal to or greater than 0.4 % in 23.1 % of laboratories. Therefore, this study showed that the quality indicators of MIQ of the laboratories performing the cervical cancer screening are below the parameters recommended by the Ministry of Health.

Manual reticulocyte counts were examined under light microscopy, using the property whereby supravital stain precipitates residual ribosomal RNA versus the automated flow methods, with the suggestion that in the latter there is greater precision and an ability to determine both mature and immature reticulocyte fractions. Three hundred and forty-one venous blood samples of patients were analyzed of whom 224 newborn and the rest adults; 51 males and 66 females, with ages between 0 and 89 years, as part of the laboratory routine for hematological examinations at the Clinical Laboratory of the Hospital Universitário do Oeste do Paraná. This work aimed to compare manual and automated methodologies for reticulocyte countings and evaluate random and systematic errors. The results obtained showed that the difference between the two methods was very small, with an estimated 0·4% systematic error and 3·9% random error. Thus, it has been confirmed that both methods, when well conducted, can reflect precisely the reticulocyte counts for adequate clinical use.

Jacqueline Plewka 5 MOREIRA, T. R.; LIMA, A. C. S. de; SANTOS, M. A. dos; TURKIEWICZ, M.; CHAVES, M. A. F.; PLEWKA, J. Perfil das mulheres usuárias do sus com lesões intraepiteliais em um município do oeste do Paraná. Arq. Cienc. Saúde UNIPAR, Umuarama, v. 21, n. 3, p, 181-186, set./dez. 2017. RESUMO:O câncer cervical é o quarto tipo de tumor mais frequente entre mulheres e quarta causa de mortalidade feminina por câncer no Brasil. Neste trabalho o objetivo foi demostrar o perfil das mulheres atendidas pelo SUS que apresentaram lesões intraepiteliais de baixo grau (LSIL) e alto grau (HSIL) no exame preventivo citopatológico realizado por um laboratório de citopatologia credenciado ao SUS que atende Cascavel-PR e distritos. No período de maio de 2014 a maio de 2015 foram observados 395 exames citopatológicos com LSIL e 160 com HSIL, cuja faixa etária predominante foi dos 25 aos 64 anos (70,64%). Em média observou-se os seguintes resultados: a JEC esteve presente em 90,56% das amostras; o colo cervical apresentou-se normal em 77,31% das mulheres e 43,58% destas mulheres em estudo haviam realizado um exame anterior em até um ano, sendo que o maior motivo para realização do mesmo foi o rastreamento (89,11%). Mais que 90% das mulheres não apresentaram sangramentos, seja após a relação sexual ou menopausa. As lesões também prevaleceram em mulheres atendidas na UBS (61,98%) mesmo elas sendo em menor número se comparadas àquelas atendidas por USF. Esses dados demostram a importância da realização desse exame, pois na maioria das lesões as mulheres não apresentaram sintomas ou alterações clínicas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Câncer do colo do útero. Citopatológico cervical. Exame de Papanicolaou. Exame preventivo do câncer do colo do útero. Lesão intraepitelial de alto grau. Lesão intraepitelial de baixo grau. PROFILE OF FEMALE USERS OF THE BRAZILIAN UNIFIED HEALTH SYSTEM WITH INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS IN A CITY IN WESTERN PARANAABSTRACT: Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent kind of cancer among women and the fourth cause of female mortality due to cancer in Brazil. The purpose of this work was to present the profile of women attended by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) who showed low-grade (LSIL) and high-grade (HSIL) intraepithelial lesions at the cytopathology screening test performed by a SUSaccredited cytopathology laboratory serving the city of Cascavel-PR and its districts. In the period between May 2014 and May 2015, a total of 395 cytopathologic test presenting LSIL and 160 with HSIL were observed. The age group ranged from 25 to 64 years old (70.64%). The following average results were observed: squamocolumnar junction was present in 90.56% of the samples; normal cervix in 77.31% of women and 43.58% of the women in the study had already had an examination within the previous year, with the main reason for the present exam was screening (89.11%). More than 90% of women did not present any bleeding, either after sexual intercourse or menopause. The lesions also prevailed in women attending primary health care ...

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