The effects of binding ligand variation on the externally initiated Ni catalyzed polymerization of P3HT were investigated using a novel methodology allowing facile screening of ligands. P3HT was synthesized with >80% initiator incorporation for both mono‐ and bidentate phosphine ligands. Variation of the initiating aryl group demonstrated vastly superior results for o‐tolyl over p‐tolyl substituents.

Studying early immune responses to organ damage in situ requires animal models amenable to intravital imaging. Here, we used transparent zebrafish larvae, a powerful animal model for innate immunity, to measure leukocyte recruitment to damaged livers. Bath application of metronidazole (Mtz) to fish expressing nitroreductase (NTR) under a liver-specific promoter damaged the organ within 24 hours causing oxidative stress, distorted liver morphology, accumulation of TUNEL-positive cells, and transcriptional upregulation of apoptotic and antioxidant genes. Inflammatory gene transcription in damaged hepatocytes was attenuated. In line with predominant apoptosis, macrophages were massively recruited into Mtz/NTR-damaged livers. By contrast, neutrophil infiltration was more variable and delayed, consistent with less abundant necrosis and an attenuated inflammatory capacity of damaged hepatocytes.

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