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In this article we illuminate the narratives of women living with a spinal cord injury (SCI) with regard to (a) learning how to live with a changed body and (b) exploring the factors that influence how they feel toward their new bodies. An SCI produces immediate physical impairments resulting in a changed body, which can then have physical, emotional, and social consequences to these women. Through its focus on enhancing the body, physical therapy can help to promote a positive view of the self within the changed body. Our analysis of these women's experiences resulted in a fluid, three-phase framework of learning to live with a changed body that generally moves from (a) discomfort, to (b) moving toward comfort, to (c) comfort. Physical therapy can potentially influence the process of women's gaining comfort with their changed bodies following an SCI. The framework provides a basis for future research on adaptation following SCI.

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Background: Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is an important protein network in bone metabolism. However, the relationship between TGF-β and orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) during orthodontic treatment is not well understood. This study aimed to observe TGF-β1 expression on the compressed side of the periodontal ligament (PDL) during orthodontic treatment, and to examine the involvement of TGF-β1 in orthodontic root resorption.Materials and Methods: In vivo experiments, 12weekold male Wistar rats applied to 50g of heavy orthodontic force for 7 days. Then, we determined tartrateresistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and TGF-β1 positive expression levels in resorbed cementum using immunohistochemical analysis. In vitro, the effects of a heavy compression force (4.0 g/ cm 2 ) with/without SB -431542 (an inhibitor of TGF-β1) on TGF-β1, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa -B ligand (RANKL) , and interleukin -6 (IL -6) production levels were measured using human PDL (hPDL) cells.Results: In vivo, in the 50g group, the immunoreactivity of TRAP and TGF-β1 with resorption lacunae was determined on day 7. In vitro, TGF-β1, RANKL, and IL -6 production increased in the 4.0 g/cm² group compared to that in the control group in hPDL cells. Moreover, treatment with SB -431542 inhibited the production of these factors. Conclusion:The results suggest that TGF-β1 may aggravate the OIIRR by increasing the production of RANKL and IL -6 from hPDL cells.

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