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Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui kesulitan dan memberikan upaya mengatasi kesulitan yang dialami siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal pemecahan masalah pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini ialah kelas VIII SMP Negeri 4 Bayah pada semester genap tahun 2021/2022. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui tes pemecahan masalah dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) langkah memahami masalah yaitu siswa kesulitan dalam menuslikan apa yang diketahui dan yang ditanyakan pada soal; (2) langkah merancang rencana yaitu siswa kesulitan dalam menuliskan simbol untuk mengubah permasalahan ke model matematika; (3) langkah melaksanakan rencana yaitu siswa kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan dengan menggunakan metode gabungan; (4) langkah melihat kembali yaitu siswa kesulitan dalam membuat kesimpulan dari soal dan melakukan pengecekan jawaban.

Minangkabau people have a long history of migrating overseas especially to Peninsular Malaysia. They migrated to overseas with their soul, original culture and language. This study attempted to trace the Minangkabau of the language's aspects, in particular, lexical aspect by using the theory in dialectology. For grouping variations of language is used the dialektometri's method. Within the framework of solving the problem of research, there are three stages of the method used: 1) the stage providing data; 2) the stage analysing data; and 3) the stage presenting the analysis results. The population of this study was the whole speech Minangkabau society in the area of origin (Kabupten 50 Kota and Kabupaten Tanah Datar) and in the overseas area (Negeri Sembilan, Melaka and Pahang). The sample was speech Minangkabau society in Nagari Koto Baru Simalanggang and Nagari Rao-Rao. The sample in the overseas area is a region of Rembau, Naning and Kuantan. After being done the comparison, the fourth samples show the lexical similarities and lexical differences. However, the calculation of dialecttometric method is not indicating the degree of variation at the languages and dialects level. It is only at the subdialect and different talk level. The lexical differences in overseas areas show that there has been a change. The change was caused by lingual factors and nonlingual factors.

Daily and night markets have long existed in Malaysia and Negeri Sembilan in particular. These markets are visited by matrilineal traders, China, India, Cambodia and Kelantan Malay. However, trading is not easy to be performed by women because it carries some barriers for them. Nevertheless, matrilineal women traders still dominate in number among the traders of other tribes in daily and night markets. Accordingly, this study tries to observe factors that hinder matrilineal women in performing their bussiness. The data is obtained from 91 female traders as the sample of the research by giving them questionnaires and interview. The result shows that there are six factors as the obstacles which are: culture, childhood, unsupported infrastructure, the amount of capital, less access to funding sources and safety reason.