In this paper, the problems which can occur when wastewater is discharged into surface water bodies are considered. Modern methods of wastewater treatment are presented: mechanical, chemical, biological, physical-and-chemical, and combined methods. Examples of green infrastructure technologies with biofiltration function are given, which are easy to use and are effective in the treatment of both urban surface and production runoffs, and use the principles of landscape gardening. Characteristics of biofiltration swale, filtration strip, bioplateaus, biopools, and phytofilters are provided. The effectiveness of biological wastewater treatment with the use of bioengineering facilities is described. Results are presented on the research on using of highbog peat, charcoal, expanded perlite, overburned brick, celadon green, foam glass, flux from welding shop of a pipe-rolling plant, and rolling scrap as sorbing agents for treatment of acid wastewater containing iron.

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