The effect of weld filler metal austenite to acicular ferrite transformation temperature on the residual stresses that arise during the gas metal arc welding of a low carbon steel has been examined using a finite element model. It was found that the stress levels in the weld can be tailored by the appropriate selection of the filler metal and compressive, near zero or tensile residual stresses produced. Reasonable agreement was obtained between the model and the stresses measured using neutron diffraction both in welds using conventional and low transformation temperature filler metal.
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