In order to increase doctors’ cognition of the three-dimensional anatomical structure of cardiothoracic and cardiothoracic surgery and increase the diagnosis rate and cure rate of cardiothoracic surgery diseases, the authors propose a method of CT imaging technology for diagnosing cardiothoracic surgery diseases. Through the joint Hookwire positioning of 3D-CTBA, application in thoracoscopic segmentectomy and CT energy spectrum curve, retrospective analysis of diagnosis of intrathoracic lymph node metastasis in non-small-cell lung cancer, 3D-CTBA and CT-guided Hookwire localization, and preoperative CT-enhanced scanning were performed using two methods. The experimental results showed that the chest tube placement time, postoperative thoracic drainage volume, and postoperative hospital stay after the first operation all showed a good trend. The diagnostic sensitivity was 87.1%. The specificity was 92.6%. The correct index was 79.7%. The accuracy was 91.3%. The positive predictive value was 79.4%. And the negative predictive value was 95.7%. These data prove that CT imaging technology has high diagnostic value for thoracic and cardiac surgery diseases and can effectively help the formulation and implementation of thoracic and cardiac surgery diseases.