This study aims to improve the social and political literacy of college students. Social and Political Education (SPE) is studied for undergraduates. Firstly, the background of the subject research is introduced. The face recognition module is built based on deep convolutional neural network (DCNN). The sociopolitical situation of the study subjects is analyzed through a questionnaire. Secondly, a model of the learning process is constructed. Finally, the SPE online course learning platform is constructed. Empirical studies are divided into experimental and control groups. The findings show that all model assumptions are valid. There is a significant structural relationship between the influencing factors of the SPE learning process of college students in the study area. The students selected as research objects lack innovation and critical thinking in the learning process and have certain deficiencies in innovative thinking and critical thinking. The questionnaire has good reliability and validity. The predicted data of the designed platform are compared with the predicted data of the control group. Social science competencies by gender are compared. The results showed little difference in the effectiveness of students using other methods for sociopolitical learning. The data of the experimental group before and after the test are quite different, indicating that the designed experimental platform has played a certain positive role. There are significant differences in the posttest data between the experimental group and the control group, indicating that the constructed online course learning model has a positive impact on students’ innovative thinking and critical thinking. Women’s learning motivation and transfer learning ability are stronger than those of men. The constructed model has certain feasibility for the learning of SPE online courses with face recognition module. These contents provide a reference for the reform of social and political courses.