The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and triglyceride/high lipoprotein density cholesterol (TG/HDL‐C) are two important risk markers to evaluate the insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). To assess the association between TG/HDL‐C and TyG index and CVDs. The Mashhad stroke and heart association disorder cohort study started in 2010 and has been continued until 2020. During 6‐year follow‐up of 9704 participants, 235 events including 118 acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 83 chronic coronary syndrome, 27 myocardial infarction, and 27 cardiac death were confirmed. SPSS software (version 21) was used for statistical analysis and figures were drawn by GraphPad Prism 6 software. The prevalence of ACS and cardiac death were higher in the fourth quartile of serum TG/HDL‐C (>4.43) and higher prevalence of ACS was considered in subjects classified in the fourth quartile of TyG index (>8.98). A high TyG index was associated with an increased risk of ACS and cardiac death [1.362 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.013–1.831]) and 2.3 (95% CI: [1.247–4.241])] respectively; based on Cox regression analysis elevated TyG and TG/HDL‐C increased the chance of CVD by [1.634 (95% CI: 1.304–2.047) and 1.068 (95% CI: 1.031–1.105)], respectively. Our results strongly showed that TyG index and TG/HDL‐C are independent risk factors for incident CVD, suggesting that TyG index and TG/HDL‐C may be as an important unique biomarker for predicting CVD outcomes and progression.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can present with a variety of symptoms. Severity of the disease may be associated with several factors. Here, we review clinical features of COVID-19 inpatients with different severities. This cross-sectional study was performed in Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran, during February–April 2020. COVID-19 patients with typical computed tomography (CT) patterns and/or positive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were included. The patients were classified into three groups of moderate, severe, and critical based on disease severity. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings were collected and compared. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Overall, 200 patients with mean age of 69.75 ± 6.39 years, of whom 82 (41%) were female were studied. Disease was severe/critical in the majority of patients (167, 83.5%). Disease severity was significantly associated with age, malignant comorbidities, dyspnea, nausea/vomiting, confusion, respiratory rate, pulse rate, O2 saturation, extent of CT involvement, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), pH, pO2, and aspartate transaminase (P < 0.05). Moreover, complications including shock, coagulopathy, acidosis, sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and intubation were significantly higher in patients with higher severities (P < 0.05). O2 saturation, nausea/vomiting, and extent of lung CT involvement were independent predictors of severe/critical COVID-19 (OR 0.342, 45.93, and 25.48, respectively; P < 0.05). Our results indicate O2 saturation, nausea/vomiting, and extent of lung CT involvement as independent predictors of severe COVID-19 conditions. Serum CRP levels and pO2 were also considerably higher patients with higher severity and can be used along with other factors to predict severe disease in COVID-19 patients.

Background. Nowadays, metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a great public health crisis that threatens too many lives worldwide. Many previous studies have been investigated the association between MetS and anthropometric indices. This study is aimed at investigating the association between anthropometric indices with gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). We were using data from a large population-based cohort of seemingly healthy women and men. Methods. A total of 7216 participants were included in this study. The serum levels of GGT, ALP, ALT, and AST with bioimpedance measures were obtained at the time of enrollment. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between anthropometric indices and serum levels of the aforementioned laboratory tests. Results. Serum levels of GGT, ALP, ALT, and AST significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI). Only ALP had a significant association with visceral fat area (VFA). AST, ALT, and ALP levels had a positive correlation with 50 kHz whole-body phase. Conclusion. From the findings of this study, body mass index consistently appeared a good predictor of elevated hepatic enzymes and triglycerides. Thus, it can be helpful in clinical settings to identify patients at risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is closely related to metabolic syndrome.

Electrocardiographic changes are an important complication of methadone that seems to be related to low testosterone level in men.