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Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) and its treatment methods may affect subsequent fertility outcomes. Objective: To compare methotrexate (MTX), laparoscopic salpingostomy, and salpingectomy methods of EP treatment and their effects on fertility outcomes. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was performed on women receiving a definitive diagnosis of tubular EP from 2014 to 2017 at Arash Medical Center, Tehran, Iran. In total, 194 women were studied, of which 64 were treated with MTX, 52 underwent salpingostomy, and 78 underwent salpingectomy, depending on their clinical status. Basic information, obstetrics history, and major outcomes of the treatment after an 18-month follow-up, including recurrence of EP, miscarriage, and successful intrauterine pregnancy (IUP), were recorded and variables were compared among the three groups. Results: There was no significant difference in fertility outcomes among the three groups. Among the studied variables, predictors of successful IUP after EP treatment were multiparity (Hazard Ratio (HR): 1.37; 95%CI: 1.06-1.77), no history of miscarriage (HR: 2.37; 95%CI: 1.01-5.56), and a higher number of live births (HR: 1.54; 95%CI: 1.01- 2.37). On the other hand, predictors of EP recurrence included nulliparity (HR: 1.61; 95%CI: 1.02-2.53) and a lower number of live births (HR: 3.84; 95%CI: 1.43-10.98). The effect of other factors, including the utilized therapeutic modalities, was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The current study results demonstrated that after an 18-month follow-up, fertility outcomes, including recurrence of EP and successful IUP, were not significantly different among the subjects with EP treated with MTX, salpingostomy, or salpingectomy. Further studies with long-term follow-ups are recommended. Key words: Ectopic pregnancy, Fertility, Methotrexate, Salpingostomy, Salpingectomy.

In this study, robust control methods are employed to control the permanent magnet synchronous motor. Features such as good performance despite the vehicle's load torque disturbance, measurement noise, system parameter changes and high-frequency uncertainties of structured and unstructured types make this approach more effective. The control objective is controlling and maintaining the vehicle speed and motor torque in driver's desired references. In this study, a μ controller and a reduced order μ controller are designed for the first time due to simplicity and easy implementation of the optimal H ∞ controller. Simulation studies are carried out in this study to evaluate the control performance of the designed control systems. Comparison studies show that the proposed controllers have several advantages compared to the proportional-integralderivative controller including reference speed and torque tracking, mean square error, disturbance rejection and noise attenuation.

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