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Aim: We herein present our clinical experience in laparoscopic surgery for gallbladder perforation (GBP). Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 44 patients who diagnosed with GBP from January 2015 to November 2020. Results: The mean age of the 44 patients was 64.0 years and the female-to-male ratio was 20:24. The most common type of GBP was Type II, followed by Type I and Type III (31:9:4). 72.7% of the patients were diagnosed with GBP at the time of surgery. Laparoscopic surgery was performed for 38 (86.4%) patients, with a conversion rate of 13.2%. The mean length of hospital stays was 7.8 days. The mortality and morbidity rates were 2.3% and 11.4%, respectively. Conclusions: Pre-operative diagnosis of GBP is difficult. Laparoscopic surgery is safe, feasible and effective for patients with GBP.

Heavy metal pollution generating from industries is a serious issue in China as it causes severe environmental pollution and health problems. Chromium is one of the common heavy metal appeared in wastewater of metal plating and processing industries and has to reduce its concentration to permissible levels before discharge by law. This study focused on removing chromium ion present in wastewater by using bioresource material loquat leaves as an adsorbent. The extent of adsorption of chromium ion was studied and found to be dependent on solution contact time with the adsorbent, particle size and dosage of the loquat leaves and chromium concentration. The result showed that the loquat leaves have a 70% efficiency in removing chromium ions. The experimental equilibrium biosorption data were analyzed by two widely used isotherms namely Langmuir, and Freundlich. The Langmuir isotherm model better fits the experimental data than the Freundlich isotherm model by high correlation coefficients R2. The maximum monolayer capacity of loquat leaves was found to be 0.0201 mg/g for Chromium ions.

The protocol and data transmitting of smart substation is different from ordinary substation. Based on the requirements of PMU in smart substation, the PMU tester in smart substation is researched according to the algorithms and methods under the condition of smart substation. Considering the characteristics of PMU installation in smart substation, different methods are presented. Moreover, various formats of signal in smart substation would be involved in PMU tester design. On account of massive jobs on the accuracy of currents and voltages test and composition of reports for engineers, the software designed in the PMU tester would guarantee the facility procedure, efficiency and validity test of PMU in smart substation.