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Basis of cognitive psychology related to pattern recognition 1.1 Perception and its constancy Born and developed in the middle of 1970's, cognitive science is a kind of intersectional and integrative science aiming to study both the working principle and the developing mechanism of human brain and psyche. It is a product from the processes of intersection, infiltration and aggregation of such sciences as psychology, computer science, neurology, linguistics, anthropology, philosophy, and so on. As one of the important parts of cognitive science, cognitive psychology[1-6], developed in the middle of 1950's, is a kind of psychology making the view of information processing as the core, thus also named information processing psychology, and a kind of science studying the processes of transforming, processing, storing, recovering, extracting and using information through sense. Perception has always been an important studying field of psychology. Cognitive psychology treats perception as the organization and explanation of sense information, and the process of acquiring the meanings of sense information. Correspondingly, this process is treated as a series of consecutive information processing, and the ability of the process depends on the past knowledge and experience. We can cover a building far away by just a finger, it means that the image of finger formed on the retina is bigger than that of the building. But if we move away the finger and first look at the building then the finger, we will feel the building is much bigger than the finger anyway, that indicating a very important feature of perception-constancy. The constancy of perception refers to perception keeps constant when the condition of perception changes in a certain range [7]. In the real world, various forms of energy are changed while reaching our sense organs, even the same object reaching our sense organs. Constancy in size and shape keeps our lives normal in this daedal world. Although an object sometimes seems smaller or bigger, we can recognize it. Constancy is the basis of stable perception of human to the outside. For instance, students can always recognize their own schoolbag, no matter far away (assuming it is visible) or close, overlooking or upward viewing, or looking in the front or sides. Although the images formed in the retina under the different conditions mentioned above are different from each other student's perceptions of this object are the same schoolbag. Constancy in size and shape are two main types of the perception constancy. Perception constancy in size means that although the size of object images shot on the retina change, human perception of the size of object keeps constant. The size of image on the human retina directly depends on the distance between the object and our eyes.

Ozone is a non-chlorine bleaching agent that can reduce pollution in the pulp bleaching stage. In this work the ozone bleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp was performed as part of a kinetics study to explain factors affecting the properties of bleached pulp. The bleaching efficiency was closely related to the rates of mass transfer and self-decomposition, as well as the intensity of ozonation. For ozone bleaching of 3% consistency pulp, a brightness of 68% ISO, viscosity of 579 mL/g, and kappa values of 7.9 were achieved under an optimal condition with pH 2 and organic reagent NP-10 supplied. In this condition, the ozone mass transfer and intensity of ozonation were promoted, while self-decomposition declined.

Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was prepared from the residue of the incomplete liquefaction of eucalyptus sawdust; atmospheric liquefaction was carried out using ethylene glycol as the solvent and 1-(4-sulfobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium hydrosulfate as the catalyst. The highest cellulose content in the residue reached 93.9%. The MCC prepared from liquefaction was characterized by various techniques, which included infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermo-gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The results were compared to those of a commercial MCC (cotton linters). The analyses indicated that hemicelluloses and lignin were removed extensively from the MCC produced from the sawdust. The MCC was a cellulose I polymorph with 79.0% crystallinity. The particles were shaped as elongated rods and had good thermal stability. The particle sizes of the produced MCC ranged from 1 µm to 100 µm with a mean of 38.6 µm.