The present study was to investigate the effects of different salinities (0 (control), 3, 6, 9, 12, 15‰) in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) at larvae stage. Four-hundred individuals were randomly distributed to each 500-L composite tank (containing 250-L water) in triplicates. After 60 days, fish was sampled to determine survival rate, growth performance, hematological parameters, stress response indicators, and enzymatic activities. The results showed that the survival rate was highest in 6‰ (60.9%) and lowest in 15‰ (1.25%) (p<0.05). Fish exposed to salinities from 0 to  9‰ showed an increasing trend in growth. The osmolality of fish reared in 9 and 12‰ was  significantly higher than that in  the lower salinities (p<0.05). Similarly, concentrations of Na+, K+, and Cl- increased remarkably at high salinities. Chymotrypsin and trypsin activities were reduced by increased salinities (p<0.05), which were lowest at 15‰ (69.2±2.46 U/min/mg protein and 1.46±0.01 mU/min/mg protein, respectively). Stress indicators such as glucose and cortisol concentrations were not significantly depended on the salinity in the range of 0 to 12‰. Striped catfish larvae showed an adaptable response to high salinity and the appropriate salinity range for larvae rearing was below 6‰.

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An eight-month-old boy presented with bloody stool. The patient had a fever, loose stools, bloody stool, growth retardation, anaemia, and malnutrition. Preliminary diagnoses were enteric infections and cow’s milk protein allergy. After aggressive treatment of the infection and a restricted diet, the bloody stool is still profuse. The patient was carried out tests to find the cause of prolonged bloody stool and gastrointestinal endoscopy. Results showed that erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased, serum albumin decreased, ASCA positive, faecal calprotectin increased >800 μg/g. Ileocolonoscopy revealed continuous mucosal inflammation of the colon, starting from the rectum,and haemorrhage. Histology showed deep ulcers and chronic inflammation. He was diagnosed with chronic inflammatory bowel disease unclassified at nineteen-month-old. Treatment with complete enteral nutrition therapy, oral corticosteroids and azathioprine, after 2 months, the patient no longer had bloody stool.