Higher scores on the TCI personality scales of Persistence, Self-directedness and Cooperativeness predict a better therapeutic evolution, especially with regard to adherence during outpatient treatment after detoxification.

Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Introduction: Alcoholic men and women have differential characteristics. It Introduction: Alcoholic men and women have differential characteristics. It Introduction: has been discussed whether alcoholic women have specific and additional difficulties that require extra study. However, these differences may imply an advantage for some aspects of treatment. Material and method: data from eleven published studies of alcoholic patients are reanalyzed from a gender perspective. Objective: to gain better knowledge of gender differences and their therapeutic implications. Results: women present more suicidal attempts than men, but these attempts are less lethal and have less intentionality. Personality structure is similar in the two sexes, but women have better prognosis, even if they present psychiatric disorders. A notable characteristic of women's prognosis is their better adherence to group therapies. Women diagnosed with severe alcohol dependence who need inpatient treatment for detoxification are usually younger and have higher rates of benzodiazepine abuse and personality disorders than men, but are also more collaborative, and benefit more from therapy. Female benzodiazepine abusers show lower rates of neurocognitive impairment than men. Alcoholic women with severe organic conditions that require inpatient treatment usually have a medical record with more unsuccessful treatment attempts for alcohol dependence than men, and their prognosis is equally unfavourable. Conclusion: alcoholic women may Conclusion: alcoholic women may Conclusion: have psychological mechanisms that facilitate higher abstinence rates and lower mortality rates than men. Future research for improving knowledge of such mechanisms, which are related to emotional factors such as guilt, depression and anxiety, and traditionally considered as problematic, may indicate that they actually increase motivation to change.

Three hundred and twenty-nine alcohol dependent patients, diagnosed according to DSM. III-R criteria who had participated in one of five different psychotherapy groups over a 5-year period, were studied using survival analysis statistics. Patients were followed-up until their discharge or withdrawal from the group to determine their retention in therapy, and to examine the effect of gender, age and family situation on compliance. Retention rates at 6, 12 and 24 months were 61%, 49% and 37%, respectively. Median retention time was 46 weeks. Women remained longer in treatment than men (median period 98 vs. 34 weeks), and this was due mainly to lower dropout rates in the first 3 months. Dropout rates were also higher in patients aged 35 years or younger. The first 3 months seem to be crucial in the process of deciding whether or not to remain in therapy. [Monras M, Gual A. Attrition in group therapy with alcoholics: a survival analysis. Drug Alcohol Rev 2000; 1: 55 63]

1. INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1.-El consumo social de alcohol en los jóvenes. * t= 2,1; p=0,03 ** Pearson= 0,12; p=n.s. Comparación entre todos los años. ANOVA Ji cuadrado F= 13,3; p= 0,000 Pearson= 10; p=0,07TABLA 2: Porcentaje por sexos y edad de inicio del tratamiento alcohológico en la UA-HCB * Comparación (prueba t de Student) de la edad media entre pacientes ambulatorios e interconsultas. ** Comparación del porcentaje de hombres y mujeres (prueba de Ji cuadrado) entre pacientes ambulatorios e interconsultas.

El chemsex o uso intencionado de drogas para mantener relaciones sexuales entre hombres que tienen sexo con otros hombres (HSH) ha aumentado en los últimos años en España. Pese a tratarse de un fenómeno emergente existen pocos datos sobre sobre las intervenciones eficaces. - Objetivo: describir una muestra de pacientes que demandaron tratamiento por chemsex en una unidad de conductas adictivas en Barcelona, entre enero de 2017 y junio de 2019. - Material y métodos: se incluyeron un total de 53 pacientes a través de la revisión de historias clínicas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo a partir de los datos sociodemográficos y clínicos obtenidos. - Resultados: se atendieron un total de 53 pacientes, 100% hombres. El 44,9% fueron derivados del servicio de enfermedades infecciosas. La media de edad era de 37,7 años. La mayoría pidieron tratamiento por consumo de metanfetamina (81,1%). La vía de administración más utilizada fue fumada (74,4%), el 16,3% inyectada (slamming) y el 11,6% utilizaba ambas vías indistintamente. El policonsumo fue elevado, siendo el GHB consumido por el 75,5% de la muestra. Se detectó psicopatología en el 77,4% de la muestra, siendo la más prevalente la psicosis (28,3%). El diagnóstico de VIH y otras ETS fue frecuente (69,8% VIH+; 49,1% otras ETS). Excepto un paciente, el resto seguían tratamiento antirretroviral y un 75,5% tenía una carga viral indetectable. Durante el tratamiento el 24,5% consiguió la abstinencia y un 39,6% redujo el consumo. Un 45,1% abandonó el tratamiento. - Conclusiones: la metanfetamina es la droga más consumida en Barcelona para practicar chemsex. El policonsumo es elevado. Es frecuente que coexistan problemas de salud mental con la adicción, siendo los síntomas psicóticos los más prevalentes. Se recomienda la coordinación con los servicios de enfermedades infecciosas y la búsqueda de estrategias para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento.