No abstract

Structural and hydrodynamic characteristics of polysulfone–polyaniline‐type membranes (Psf‐PANI) are depending on a number of parameters. The present article details the influence upon such membrane of the characteristics of obtaining process, type of monomer used in generating the composite membrane and pH of the solution permeating the membranes (for flow characterization). Membranes were obtained in a steady‐state process, using an inversion phase technique accompanied by an in situ chemical reaction. The composite character of the material is a result of inserting, in the pre‐existing porous polymer structure (polysulfone, Psf) of a second monomer (aniline or substituted anilines, e.g., amino‐benzoic acid, 3ABA) through an oxidative polycondensation reaction. The steady‐state process ensures a constant and reproducible structure of the composite material. As the study shows, from the two types of obtained composite membranes, the one that uses aniline polycondensation on polysulfone substrate presents better performances, compared with the one that uses substituted aniline in polycondensation (Psf‐P3ABA). POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:1640–1647, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

This review focuses on an important theme of conductive polymer domain: preparation and applications of advanced materials with permselective properties, such as conductive polymer-based membranes. The most common groups of conductive polymers, their particularities, their use in membranes preparation together with main specific obtaining methods/techniques and conductive polymer-based membrane applications are presented based on a comprehensive documentary study.

Cyclophosphamide (CP) -N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1,3,2-oxazaphosphinan-2-amine 2-oxide and ifosfamide (IF) -N,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1,3,2-oxazaphosphinan-2-amide 2-oxide degradation under UV-Vis/TiO 2 photocatalysis was studied in the following experimental conditions: photocatalyst dose = 100 -800 mg/ L; irradiation time = 30-360 min; initial pollutant concentration = 1 -50 mg/L. CP and IF degradation via TiO 2 photocatalysis was found to obey Langmuir -Hinshelwood model and pollutants degradation rate constants: 5.89 x 10 -6 M min -1 (CP); 4.86 x 10 -6 M min -1 (IF) and pollutants adsorption -desorption on TiO 2 particles equilibrium constants: 5637 M -1 (CP); 4930 M -1 (IF) were calculated.

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a commonly prescribed cytostatic drug that has cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects on living organisms, which asks for its elimination from any water source. The photocatalytic degradation of CP under UV-VIS irradiation was studied, using non-doped TiO2 and Ag- doped TiO2 (0.5-1.7% wt.). The catalysts were synthesized by vacuum deposition method. The influence of Ag concentration on the degradation performance of CP was investigated and an optimal content of 1.0% Ag was established. Using of this catalyst assures the pollutant degradation with a rate constant kCP = 6.59 x 10-4 s-1 and an efficiency ηCP = 99% after120 min irradiation time. Based on the results of the quenching experiments in the presence of suitable scavengers, a mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of CP has been proposed. This consists in the attack of free hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals on the pollutant. Also, the contribution of Ag to inhibition of charge recombination and the additional generation of superoxide radicals, which are responsible for the higher photocatalytic activity of Ag doped TiO2 compared to non-doped TiO2, was emphasised.