This intervention significantly improved knowledge, beliefs, self-reported practices, and gestational and postpartum weight in patients with GDM. Further research is needed for investigating the effectiveness of applying early, multi-phase, and longer intervention.

IL-37 level is elevated in SLE patients in comparison to healthy controls and is correlated to high disease activity, mucocutaneous and renal involvement.

Aim This study aims to investigate the effect of a cardiovascular risk (CVR) communication intervention on the accuracy of CVR perception, diabetes self-care (DSC), glycosylated hemoglobin percent (HbA1c%), and CVR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Subject and methods A randomized controlled trial was performed in T2DM patients attending the family medicine outpatient clinic in Suez Canal University Hospital, Ismailia. The intervention group (n = 107) received a comprehensive CVR communication. Control subjects (n = 107) received the standard usual care. The outcome measures were: accuracy of risk perception, DSC, HbA1c%, and CVR scores. Patients were investigated at baseline and 3 months after the intervention. Differences between arms were assessed using chi-square and Student's t-test, and within-group differences were assessed using the paired t-test and McNemar's test. Results After the intervention, the accuracy rate of risk perception was significantly improved (from 44.9 % to 89.7 %) in the intervention group with excellent improvement in agreement between perceived and objective risk (kappa ± SE 83.7 ± 4.4 %, p < 0.000). Diabetes self-care sum scale scores and HbA1c% showed statistically significant improvements for within-intervention group comparisons and between groups after the intervention (p < 0.000). Cardiovascular risk scores showed minimal, not statistically significant improvement in both groups. Conclusion Our intervention significantly improved CVR perception, DSC, and HbA1c% in patients with T2DM. Further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of applying more complex and longer lifestyle interventions and to confirm the credibility and sustainability of improvement.

Gene expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and leukotriene A(4) (LTA(4)) hydrolase was analyzed in the peripheral blood of 48 children with active primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) (group I), 27 children with PNS in remission (group II), and 20 controls. Group I included 34 patients with steroid-sensitive PNS (SSNS) and 14 patients with steroid-resistant PNS (SRNS). Total RNA purified from peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMN) cells was reverse transcribed into cDNA and amplified with specific primers in the polymerase chain reaction. All group I patients and none of the controls expressed 5-LO and LTA(4 )hydrolase. Of group II children, 22.2% expressed 5-LO, while 51.9% expressed LTA(4 )hydrolase. Among group I patients there was a significant positive correlation between the degree of proteinuria and the expression of 5-LO ( r=0.27, P=0.03) and LTA(4 )hydrolase ( r=0.44, P=0.001). There was no difference in the degree of expression of both enzymes between SSNS and SRNS patients. In conclusion, leukotrienes may play a role in the pathogenesis of PNS in children, but they do not participate in the response of these patients to steroids.

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