Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys the memory and the thinking skills, and eventually the ability to carry out the simplest tasks. This has motivated lots of scientists to search for an ultimate treatment or cure for this serious disease. There are various causes & risk factors which cause AD and are the reasons for its progression. The drugs used in AD are usually a combination between different classes but never those of the same class such as Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors which increase the availability of acetylcholine & NMDA receptors antagonists such as memantine. Most of the currently used drugs are mainly used to treat the symptoms, but lately some drugs have shown some promise in both treating & curing AD such as Aducanumab which is in the fi nal phases of the clinical trials that resulted in the clearing of Amyloid plaques affecting cells communication. Since there are newly discovered causes of the disease, there are various other approaches in dealing with AD which will be discussed thoroughly in this review article.

Today's supply chain is more complex in composition and structure. Information loss and late transmission aggravated the bullwhip effect. Lack of reliable information storage, traceability, and accountability have also slowed supply chain management. Blockchain supports distributed networking, information synchronization among nodes, digital encryption, traceable information, and unchangeable block content, making it suitable for the supply chain. This paper presents the public blockchain as a solution to the "bullwhip effect problem in supply chain (SC). The framework is implemented to address the disruption of semiconductors' SC. The framework consists of a checklist to determine the SC's readiness for blockchain adoption. The checklist determines the motivation, timing, and the appropriate platform for adopting blockchain. The framework was validated in the Semiconductors SC by polling four executives: each represents a large company that has many branches in Egypt and the Middle East; each represents a different stage, and they are retail, distribution, manufacturing, and supply. The results showed that the executives agreed that there are perceived benefits to adopting blockchain. At the same time, they are neutral about whether it is the right time for blockchain adoption and disagree that the BC technology is ready for their SC. Finally, some of the public blockchain platforms that can be used and implemented in supply chains were introduced to help enterprises choose the most suitable platform to adopt.

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Supply chain management has become increasingly complex, leading to information loss and delayed transmission, exacerbating the bullwhip effect. Furthermore, the need for more reliable information storage, traceability, and accountability has slowed supply chain management. In this context, blockchain technology (BCT) solves the bullwhip effect problem, as it supports distributed networking, information synchronization among nodes, digital encryption, traceable information, and unchangeable block content. This paper proposes using public blockchain to solve the bullwhip effect problem in the supply chain (SC), which has yet to be discussed in published academic research papers. To this end, a framework has been developed to determine the readiness of a supply chain for blockchain adoption. This framework includes a checklist to evaluate the motivation, timing, and appropriate platform for adopting blockchain. The framework has been validated using a case study of personal computer devices, which were affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and resulted in semiconductors supply chain disruption. The study involved polling four executives The study involved polling four executives (of large organizations in Egypt and some Middle Eastern countries) representing different stages in the supply chain, they are retail, distribution, manufacturing, and supply. The results showed that while the executives recognized the benefits of adopting blockchain, they were still determining if it was the right time for adoption and did not see the technology ready for their supply chains. Finally, some public blockchain platforms were introduced to help businesses choose the most suitable platform for adoption.