Cascara is an infusion beverage of dried coffee cherry pulp prepared from a by-product of coffee production. Cherry of arabica coffee was fermented with spontaneous fermentation, Lactobacillus plantarum and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) at room temperature for 24 hrs. The properties of cascara including total phenolic, flavonoid, and caffeine contents, antioxidant activity, colour, and sensory acceptance were evaluated. Results showed that cascara from L. plantarum fermentation (Y) exhibited the highest polyphenols and caffeine contents of 46.78 ppm and 52.8 ppm, respectively. Cascara from spontaneous fermentation (X) resulted the highest flavonoids content and antioxidant activity of 0.28 ppm and 89.52%, respectively. The result of sensory evaluation showed that cascara from yeast fermented cherry obtained the highest overall acceptance score of 4 out of 6.
Proses pengeringan daun kelor (Moringa Oleifera) diperlukan untuk mengurangi kandungan air sehingga dapat mencegah kerusakan dan memperpanjang umur simpan daun kelor. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan pengeringan daun kelor menggunakan pengeringan matahari dan pengering tipe rak. Pengeringan matahari dilakukan menggunakan pengeringan surya dan pengering efek rumah kaca, sedangkan pengering tipe rak menggunakan pemanas gas dan pemanas listrik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan perbandingan dari beberapa tipe pengeringan tersebut dan untuk mengetahui model matematis yang paling tepat untuk menggambarkan kinetika pengeringannya. Model matematis yang digunakan adalah model Newton (Lewis), Handerson dan Pabis, Page, dan Logaritmic. Pemodelan dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat SOLVER di Microsoft Excel berdasarkan metode iterasi General Reduced Gradient (GRG). Analisis statistik untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian data eksperimen dengan model pengeringan menggunakan koefisien determinasi (R 2 ), root mean square error (RMSE), dan reduced Chi-square (đ 2 ). Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mengeringkan daun kelor dengan menggunakan alat pengering lebih singkat dibandingkan dengan pengeringan matahari. Waktu pengeringan paling cepat diperoleh menggunakan pengering tipe rak menggunakan pemanas listrik yang mengeringkan daun kelor dari kadar air awal 80,22% menjadi 9,52% selama 2 jam. Sedangkan hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan model Page paling sesuai untuk menggambarkan kinetika pengeringan dibandingkan dengan model Newton (Lewis), Henderson dan Pabis, dan Logaritmic.
Coffee husks are coffee processing by-product that can be processed to be a healthy beverage because it contains polyphenols, the bioactive compound which act as antioxidants and antibacterial. Its extraction method affected the content of active compounds in cascara. This research studied about the effect of cascara extraction process in 3 temperature levels (75 ÂșC , 85 ÂșC, and 95 ÂșC) and 3 concentration levels (1:100, 2:100, and 3:100) for Arabica and Robusta coffe towards the bioactive content of polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity. The results showed that cascara Arabica extract contained the highest polyphenol content (2.381%) at 85 ÂșC and antioxidant activity (33.5%) at 75 ÂșC each at a ratio of 2:100. The best cascara Robusta extraction based on the content of polyphenols (8.089%) is at 85 ÂșC with a ratio of 2:100, while based on the antioxidant activity (57.5%) is at a temperature of 75 ÂșC and a ratio of 2:100 and 3:100. Cascara Arabica antibacterial activity is greater than Robusta. Cascara Arabica at a temperature of 75-95 ÂșC in 3 concentrations did not experience a significant change in antibacterial activity in the range of 91.02-97.6%. The highest cascara Robusta antibacterial activity occurred at 95 ÂșC in concentration of 3:100 was 97.16 %.
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