RNA was isolated from fibroblasts from the retroocular area, from endomysial fibroblasts obtained from orbital lateral rectus muscle, and from abdominal skin fibroblasts. The RNA was reverse transcribed into cDNA which was then used as a template for PCR with primers encompassing a portion (nucleotides 989-1235) of the extra-cellular domain of the human TSH receptor (hTSH-R). A definite 247 BP product was detected from fibroblast RNA by ethidium bromide staining, and was confirmed by hybridization with labelled hTSH-R cDNA. The product had homology with the known TSH-R cDNA. These studies indicate that human fibroblasts can express hTSH-R, and they suggest that a cross reactive immunologic response between anti-hTSH-R and these fibroblast TSH receptors may play a role in the genesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Nowadays the facts indicate that’s the human population rise 7.7 billion as of April 2019 according to the most recent United Nations estimates elaborated by World meters beside the burden of demand daily on the production sector of livestock which hindered by the consequences of overpopulation and climate change that pushes land degradation, decrease in soil fertility which are challenges of getting recommended animal daily intake basically feed.

A growing body of previous studies suggested that Alternative Contracting Methods (ACM) could foster constructability, increase innovation, reduce schedules, decrease risks, have a higher project intensity, and eventually save on project costs. The objective of this study was to compare Design- Build procurement and delivery of Bridges in Georgia with Design-Bid-Build in terms of cost, schedule, and intensity. The study used factual data from all Bridges completed using Design-Build and Design-Bid-Build delivery methods between 2008 and 2018. Data points were collected through personal interviews and survey questionnaires with Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) personnel. The intended audiences for the study were State DOT officials engaged in the bridge procurement process. The findings from this study would benefit State DOTs by improving their understanding of the advantages of the Design-Build delivery method, most importantly expediting bridge construction projects in metropolitan areas where each day delay could impact millions of users adversely. The study also provided quantitative evidence in support of advantages achieved from the Design-Build delivery method in terms of cost growth, schedule reduction, and project intensity as compared to the Design-Bid-Build delivery method.