S arcoma describes a group of malignant, connective tissue tumours of mesenchymal origin; i.e. arising from fat, muscle, bone, blood vessels and nerves. They are rare and typically account for approximately 1.2% of all cancers in the UK. The incidence of sarcomas is highest in young and old people. Early diagnosis followed by prompt and appropriate treatment is vital to reduce the mortality from sarcomas. This article focuses on increasing primary care awareness of the key clinical features of sarcoma and providing an update on relevant guidelines. Management of sarcoma in tertiary centres is also discussed. The GP curriculum and sarcomas Clinical module 3 20: Care of people with musculoskeletal problems states that GPs should be able to:. Assess the importance of presenting features. Identify 'red flags' that relate to cancer. Understand the challenge of some musculoskeletal conditions that may be better and more confidently managed by other healthcare personnel and refer those conditions which may benefit from early referral. Describe the key national guidelines that influence healthcare provision for musculoskeletal conditions ! The Author(s) 2017. Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav